Shin kayi ƙoƙarin bude fayil a cikin edita kawai don gano cewa yana dauke da abun ciki na binary maras kyau?
Dokar Linux "igiya" ta sa ya yiwu don duba rubutun ɗan adam a cikin kowane fayil.
Babban manufar yin amfani da kalmar "igiya" ita ce ta yi amfani da irin nau'in fayil ɗin da kake kallon amma zaka iya amfani da shi don cire rubutu. Alal misali, idan kana da fayil daga tsarin mallakar wanda ya adana fayiloli a cikin tsarin binary bana zaka iya amfani da "igiya" don cire rubutun da ka saka a cikin fayil ɗin.
Misali Amfani da Dokokin Kira
Kyakkyawan hanyar da za a nuna ikon wutar lantarki shine ƙirƙirar takardun aiki ta amfani da Mawallafin LibreOffice.
Kawai bude LibreOffice Writer kuma shigar da wasu rubutu sa'an nan kuma ajiye shi a cikin misali ODT format .
Yanzu bude bude taga (latsa CTRL, ALT da T a lokaci ɗaya) sannan kuma amfani da umarnin cat don nuna fayil kamar haka:
cat yourfilename.odt | Kara
(Sauya yourfilename.odt tare da sunan fayil ɗin da kuka kirkiro)
Abin da za ka ga shi ne babban bango na rubutu mara yarda.
Latsa sararin samaniya don gungurawa ta hanyar fayil ɗin. Sau ɗaya a cikin fayil ɗin za ku ga wasu daga cikin rubutun da kuka shigar.
Za'a iya amfani da umarnin igiya don nuna kawai sassan da aka iya lissafawa.
A cikin mafi sauƙi tsari zaka iya tafiyar da umurnin mai zuwa:
kirtani yourfilename.odt | Kara
Kamar yadda dā, bango na rubutu zai bayyana, amma rubutu kawai da zaka iya karanta a matsayin mutum. Idan kun kasance sa'a to za ku iya ganin rubutunku.
Abin da za ku iya ganin wancan shine maɓalli, duk da haka, yana cikin layin farko:
mimetypeapplication / vnd.oasis.opendocument.text
Mun san cewa nau'in fayil ɗin shi ne mai rubuta ODT mai suna FreeOffice don dalilai biyu:
- Mun halitta fayil
- Ƙarin ne .ODT
Ka yi tunanin cewa ba ka ƙirƙiri fayil ɗin ba ko ka sami fayil ɗin a kan kwakwalwar dawowa kuma fayil ɗin ba ta da tsawo.
Maidawar Windows zai sauke fayiloli tare da sunayen kamar 0001, 0002, 0003 da dai sauransu. Gaskiyar cewa fayilolin da aka dawo dasu yana da kyau amma yana ƙoƙarin yin aiki akan irin nau'in fayiloli ɗin sun kasance mafarki mai ban tsoro.
Ta amfani da igiyoyin kirki kuna da damar faɗakarwa na aiki da nau'in fayil ɗin. Sanin cewa fayil ne mai amfani na opendocument.text yana nufin za ka iya ajiye shi tare da tsawo na ODT sannan ka buɗe shi a cikin LibreOffice marubuci.
Idan ba ku san cewa fayil din ODT ba ne wani fayil ɗin da aka matsa ba. Idan ka sake suna yourfilename.odt zuwa yourfilename.zip za ka iya bude shi a cikin kayan aiki na tsaftacewa har ma da cire fayil din.
Hanyoyin Baya
By tsoho umarnin igiya ya dawo duka igiyoyi a cikin fayil amma zaka iya canza hali don ya dawo da igiyoyi daga harsunan farko, ɗakunan bayanan da aka ɗora a cikin fayil.
Mene ne wannan yake nufin daidai? Babu wanda ya sani.
Yana da hankali don ɗauka cewa kana amfani da igiyoyi don gwada ko dai gano irin fayil ɗin ko don bincika takamaiman rubutu a cikin fayil.
Idan lokacin da kake bin umarnin igiya ta amfani da halin da aka saba da shi ba zaka sami samfurin da kake tsammani ba sannan ka yi kokarin gwadawa daya daga cikin umurnai masu zuwa don ganin idan ta haifar da bambanci:
kirtani -d yourfilename
kirtani --data yourfilename
Shafin littafin yana nuna cewa umurnin da ke sama zai iya taimaka wajen rage adadin datti da aka dawo daga kirtani.
Za'a iya saita umarnin "igiya" don yin aiki a cikin baya domin haɓakar dus din shi ne hali na tsoho. Idan wannan shine lamarin a kan tsarinka sannan zaka iya dawo da duk bayanan ta amfani da umarnin da ke biyewa:
kirtani -a yourfilename
Tsarin fasali
Zaka iya samun rubutun a cikin fitarwa don nuna sunan fayil ɗin tare da kowane layi na rubutu.
Don yin wannan gudu daya daga cikin wadannan dokokin:
kirtani -f yourfilename
igiya --print-file-name yourfilename
Da fitarwa zai yanzu duba wani abu kamar haka:
yourfilename: wani rubutu
yourfilename: wani yanki na rubutu
A matsayin ɓangare na fitarwa za ka iya nuna yanayin biya inda aka bayyana wannan rubutu a cikin fayil. Don yin haka bin umarnin nan:
kirtani -o yourfilename
Da fitarwa zai duba wani abu kamar haka:
16573 naka
17024 rubutu
Ƙaddamarwar ita ce ainihin ƙaddarar haraji ko da yake yana dogara da yadda aka kirgaro kirtani don tsarinka zai iya zama saurin haɗari ko ƙaddamar da lalata.
Hanyar da ta fi dacewa don samun biyan kuɗin da kuke so shi ne yin amfani da waɗannan dokokin:
kirtani -td yourfilename
kirtani-to yourfilename
kirtani -th yourfilename
Ƙananan t yana nufin mayar da farashin da halin da ke biyo baya yana ƙayyade nau'in ƙaddar. (watau d = decimal, o = octal, h = hex).
By tsoho umarnin igiya ya buge kowane sabon kirtani a kan sabon layi amma zaka iya saita adabin da kake so. Alal misali don amfani da alamar bututu ("|") a matsayin mai biyowa ya bi umarnin:
kirtani -s "|" yourfilename
Daidaita Ƙayyadadden Ƙungiyar
Dokar umarni ta tsoho ta dubi jigon 4 haruffa mai lakabi a jere. Zaka iya daidaita tsoho don haka kawai ya sake dawo da layi tare da haruffan mai kwance 8 ko haruffa 12 masu bugawa.
Ta daidaita ƙayyadadden iyaka za ka iya yin ɗitawa don samar da sakamako mai kyau. Ta hanyar neman kirtani wanda ya yi tsayi da yawa yana da haɗarin ƙaddamar da rubutun amfani amma ta hanyar sa shi takaice dai zaka iya ƙare tare da takunkumi mafi yawa.
Don daidaita daidaitattun layin yana gudana umarnin da ke gaba:
kirtani -n 8 yourfilename
A misali na sama na canza iyaka zuwa 8.
Za ka iya maye gurbin 8 tare da lambar zaɓinka.
Hakanan zaka iya amfani da umarnin nan don yin daidai da wancan:
kirtani --bytes = 8 yourfilename
Ƙidaya Whitespace
Ta hanyar tsoho, umarnin igiya ya haɗa da launin sararin samaniya kamar layi ko sarari a matsayin hali mai bugawa. Saboda haka idan kana da kirtani wanda aka karanta a matsayin "mutumin da yake zaune a kan mat" sannan umarni na igiya zai dawo da duk rubutun.
Sabbin haruffan layi da karusar karusai ba a la'akari da su a matsayin haruffan shigarwa ta hanyar tsoho ba.
Don samun kirtani don gane sababbin haruffan layi kuma karusar dawowa kamar igiyoyin haruffa mai iya bugawa ta hanyar haka:
kirtani -w yourfilename
Canja Canjin
Akwai zažužžukan zaɓuɓɓuka guda 5 don amfani da igiya:
- s = 7 bit byte (amfani da ASCII, ISO 8859)
- S = 8 bit byte
- b = 16 bit bigendian
- l = 16 bit littleendian
Labaran shi ne 7 bit byte.
Don canza saurin aiwatarwa yana bin umarnin nan:
kirtani -es yourfilename
kirtani --incoding = s yourfilename
A cikin umarnin da ke sama, na ƙayyade "s" tsoho wanda yake nufin 7te byte. Sauƙaƙe maye gurbin "s" tare da wasika na haɓaka na zabi.
Canja Sunan Yanayin Binary
Zaka iya canza dabi'ar kirtani don ya yi amfani da ɗakin karatu na bidiyo na binary bambance daban daban fiye da wanda aka bayar don tsarinka.
Wannan canzawa ɗaya ne ga masana. Idan kana da wani ɗakin karatu don amfani sannan zaka iya yin haka ta hanyar bin umarnin kalmomin da ke biyewa:
kirtani-bfdname
Zaɓi Zaɓuɓɓuka Daga Fayil
Idan za ku yi amfani da wannan zabin kowane lokaci to ba ku so a saka duk sauyawa a duk lokacin da kuke tafiyar da umurnin saboda yana daukan lokaci.
Abin da zaka iya yi shine ƙirƙirar fayil ɗin rubutu ta amfani da nano kuma saka jerin zaɓuɓɓuka a cikin wannan fayil ɗin.
Don gwada wannan a cikin wata hanya ta gudana kalma mai biyowa:
nano stringsopts
A cikin fayil shigar da rubutu mai zuwa:
-f -o -n 3 -s "|"
Ajiye fayil ɗin ta latsa CTRL da O kuma fita ta latsa CTRL da X.
Don gudanar da umarnin igiya tare da waɗannan zaɓuɓɓukan suna gudanar da umurnin mai zuwa:
kirtani @stringsopts yourfilename
Za a karanta zaɓuɓɓuka daga fayilolin fayilolin fayil kuma ya kamata ka ga sunan filename kafin kowace kirtani, da biya da kuma "|" a matsayin mai raba.
Samun Taimako
Idan kana son karantawa game da kirtani zaka iya tafiyar da umarnin nan don samun taimako.
kirtani --help
Hakanan kuma zaka iya karanta littafin jagora:
mutum kirtani
Bincike Wanne Salo na Harsuna Kana Ruwa
Don samun jujjuya igiya kuna gudana gudu daya daga cikin wadannan dokokin:
kirtani -v
kirtani -V
igiya - juyawa