Top 5 Rukunin Sadarwar Sadarwar Yanar Gizo

An tsara daruruwan hanyoyin sadarwa daban-daban don tallafawa sadarwa tsakanin kwakwalwa da sauran nau'ikan na'urorin lantarki. Shafukan da ake kira routing protocols su ne iyalin hanyoyin sadarwar yanar gizo waɗanda ke ba da damar hanyoyin sadarwa ta kwamfuta don sadarwa tare da juna da kuma bi da bi don yin amfani da hankali tsakanin zirga-zirga tsakanin su. Sharuɗɗan da aka bayyana a kasa kowane yana taimaka wa wannan aiki mai mahimmanci na hanyar sadarwa da sadarwar kwamfuta.

Yaya Yadda ake aiki da ladabi

Kowane hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar sadarwa yana aiki da ayyuka guda uku:

  1. gano - gano wasu hanyoyin a kan hanyar sadarwa
  2. Sarrafa hanyoyin - kula da duk inda ake nufi (don saƙonnin cibiyar sadarwar) tare da wasu bayanan da ke kwatanta hanyar kowane
  3. hanyar ƙayyadaddun hanyoyi - yin yanke shawara mai ƙarfi don inda za a aika saƙon saƙo

Wasu 'yan sharuɗɗa na ladabi (da ake kira haɗin gwiwar haɗin gwiwa ) don taimakawa na'urar sadarwa don ginawa da kuma biye da cikakken taswirar dukkanin hanyoyin sadarwa a cikin yankin yayin da wasu (da ake kira nesa da ƙananan sauƙi) suna ba da damar masu aiki suyi aiki tare da kasa da bayanai game da yankin sadarwa.

01 na 05

RIP

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Masu bincike sun kirkiro Harkokin Bayanai na Routing a cikin shekarun 1980 don amfani akan kananan ƙananan hanyoyin sadarwa na intanet da suka haɗa da intanet. RIP yana iya aikawa saƙonni a cikin cibiyoyin har zuwa ƙalla 15 hops .

Ruters masu sa ido sun sami cibiyar sadarwa ta hanyar aikawa da sakon da ke buƙatar launin hanyoyin sadarwa daga na'urorin da ke kusa da su. Gudanar da hanyoyin da ke biye da RIP amsa ta hanyar aika cikakken komfutawa zuwa ga mai nema, sa'ilin da mai nema ya bi wani algorithm don hada dukkan waɗannan sabuntawa a cikin teburin kansa. A lokacin da ake zartar da su, RIP masu tayar da hanyoyi su aika da matakan rojin su akai-akai ga maƙwabtan su domin kowane canje-canje za a iya yada su a fadin cibiyar sadarwa.

Gargajiya RIP yana goyon bayan IPv4 cibiyoyin sadarwa kawai amma sababbin tsarin RIPng yana goyan bayan IPv6 . RIP yana amfani da tashoshin UDP guda 520 ko 521 (RIPng) don sadarwa.

02 na 05

OSPF

Bude hanya mafi kuskure Da farko an halicce shi don cin nasara akan wasu iyakokinta na RIP ciki har da

Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, OSPF wata hanya ce ta bude tare da tallafi mai yawa a fadin masu sayar da masana'antu. Masu tafiyar OSPF sun sami cibiyar sadarwar ta hanyar aika saƙonnin sakonni ga juna da kuma saƙonnin da ke kama wasu takamaiman abubuwa fiye da dukan tebur. Wannan ita ce hanya kawai ta hanyar ƙirar ka'idoji da aka jera a cikin wannan rukuni.

03 na 05

EIGRP da IGRP

Cibiyar Cisco ta kirkiro hanyar sadarwa na Intanit ta hanyar yanar gizo kamar wata hanya ta hanyar RIP. Sabon sabon IGRP (EIGRP) ya sa IGRP ya tsufa farawa a shekarun 1990. EIGRP tana goyan bayan ɗakunan IP marasa daidaito kuma inganta ingantaccen algorithms da aka kwatanta da tsofaffin IGRP. Ba ya goyan bayan tsarin aikin kwashe-kwata, kamar RIP. An ƙaddamar da shi ne a matsayin ƙirar ka'idoji wanda kawai kawai ke iya amfani da shi kawai a Cisco iyali na'urorin. An tsara EIGRP tare da manufofin sauƙi mafi sauƙi kuma mafi kyau aiki fiye da OSPF.

04 na 05

IS-IS

Tsarin Tsarin Mulki zuwa Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Mulki yayi aiki kamar OSPF. Yayin da OSPF ta zama mafi yawan zaɓin zabi gaba daya, IS-IS yana ci gaba da yin amfani da ita ta hanyar masu samar da sabis wanda suka amfana daga yarjejeniyar ta hanyar sauƙi da sauƙi ga wuraren da suka dace. Ba kamar sauran ladabi a cikin wannan rukunin ba, IS-IS ba ta gudana a kan Intanet (IP) kuma yana amfani da makircin magance shi.

05 na 05

BGP da EGP

Ƙungiyar Bayar da Ƙofar Border ita ce hanyar Intanet ta Ƙasashen waje (EGP). BGP yana gano gyare-gyare don sarrafawa da launi kuma yana ba da bayanin waɗannan canje-canje ga sauran masu ta hanyar sadarwa akan TCP / IP .

Masu amfani da Intanet suna amfani da BGP don haɗawa da hanyoyin sadarwa tare. Bugu da ƙari, manyan kasuwancin wani lokaci sukan yi anfani da BGP don shiga tare da yawancin hanyoyin sadarwa na ciki. Masu sana'a sunyi la'akari da BGP mafi yawan ƙalubalantar bin ka'idodin saƙo don ganewa saboda ƙaddamarwar sanyi.