Sunan
dump - ext2 filesystem madadin
Synopsis
dashi [- 0123456789ackMnqSu [- A fayil ]] [- B records ] [- b blocksize ] [- d density ] [- da lambar lambobin ] [- E fayil ] [- f fayil ] [- F fayil ] [- h matakin] ] [- Na ba kurakurai ] [- j matakin matsawa ] [- L labaran ] [- Q fayil ] [- ƙafafun kafa ] [- T kwanan wata ] [- z compression matakin ] fayiloli-to-dump
dump [- W | -w ]
(Aikin BSD 4.3 ana aiwatar da shi don haɗin kai baya amma ba a rubuce a nan ba.)
Bayani
Dump bincika fayiloli a kan tsarin fayilolin ext2 kuma yana ƙayyade abin da fayiloli ya buƙaci a goyi baya. Ana kwafe wadannan fayilolin zuwa kashin da aka ba, tef ko wani matsakaici na ajiya don kiyaye lafiyar (duba f - f wanda ke ƙasa don yin abubuwan ajiya mai nisa ). Dump wanda ya fi girma fiye da maɓallin kayan sarrafawa ya rushe cikin kundin kundin. A mafi yawan kafofin watsa labaru an ƙaddamar da girman ta rubuta har sai an dawo da nuni na ƙarshe.
A kan kafofin watsa labarun da ba za su iya amincewa da su ba da alamun bayanan na ƙarshen (kamar wasu takardun fitilar tebur), kowanne girma na girman size; ainihin ainihin an ƙayyade ta hanyar ƙayyade na'ura mai kwakwalwa, ko ta hanyar girman faɗakarwa, ƙimar da / ko toshe ƙididdiga da ke ƙasa. Ta hanyar tsoho, ana amfani da sunan fayil ɗin fitarwa guda ɗaya don kowane jubi bayan ya tura mai aiki don sauya kafofin watsa labaru.
fayiloli-dump-dump shi ne ko dai wani tasiri na tsarin fayiloli ko jerin fayiloli da kundayen adireshi don a goyi baya a matsayin wani ɓangare na fayilolin fayiloli. A cikin wannan akwati, ko dai hanyar hanyar saka fayiloli mai ɗorawa ko kuma na'urar da ba a iya amfani da fayilolin fayiloli ba. A wannan akwati, wasu ƙuntatawa suna sanyawa a kan madadin: - ba a yarda da ku ba, matakin da aka ɗora shi kawai shine - 0 kuma duk fayiloli da kundayen adireshi dole ne su zauna a kan fayiloli guda.
Zaɓuɓɓuka masu goyan baya suna goyan bayan :
-0-9
Dump matakan. Mataki na 0, cikakken madadin, yana tabbatar da dukkanin tsarin fayil an kofe (amma duba maɓallin - h a ƙasa). Lambar lambar sama da 0, madadin kariya, ya nuna dump don kwafe duk fayiloli sabon ko gyaggyarawa tun lokacin dashi na ƙarshe na matakin ƙananan. Matsayin tsoho shine 9.
-a
`` 'auto-size' 'Shigar da dukkan lissafi na tsada, kuma rubuta har sai an dawo da nuni na karshe. Wannan yana aiki mafi kyau ga mafi yawan kayan aiki na zamani, kuma shine tsoho. Amfani da wannan zaɓi yana da shawarar musamman idan aka yi amfani da lakabi na yanzu, ko kuma ta yin amfani da na'ura mai kwakwalwa tare da matsalolin kayan aiki (inda ba za ka iya tabbatarwa game da yanayin damuwa ba).
- archive_file
Adana bayanan kayan aiki a cikin kundin fayilolin da aka kayyade don amfani da su (8) don sanin ko fayil yana cikin fayil din da aka dawo.
-b blocksize
Yawan kilobytes a rubuce. Tun da tsarin IO ya buƙaci duk buƙatun a cikin MAXBSIZE (yawanci 64kB), ba zai yiwu a yi amfani da matsala mafi girma ba tare da matsaloli daga baya ba tare da sake dawowa (8). Sabili da haka dump zai ƙaddara ya rubuta zuwa MAXBSIZE. Sashin lakabin tsoho shine 10.
-B records
Yawan lambobin 1 kB da girman. Ba kullum ake buƙata ba, kamar yadda dump zai iya gano ƙarshen kafofin watsa labarai. Lokacin da girman ƙayyadadden ya isa, juji yana jiran ka don canja ƙarar. Wannan zaɓin ya rinjaye lissafi na girman taya bisa tsawon da yawa. Idan matsawa yana kan wannan iyaka girman girman kayan sarrafawa da ƙarar.
-c
Canja fayiloli don amfani da na'ura mai kwakwalwa, tare da nau'i na 8000 bpi, kuma tsawon tsawon 1700. Ƙayyade ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa.
-d ma'auni
Ya kafa nau'i mai yawa zuwa yawa The tsoho shi ne 1600BPI. Ƙayyade yawan nau'in teffi yana ƙuntata ƙarshen bincike na karshe.
-n inodes
Hada inodes daga juji. Lambar inodes ita ce rabuwa da rabuwa na lambobin lambobi (zaka iya amfani da lakabi don gano lambar adadin fayil ko shugabanci).
-E fayil
Lissafin jerin jerin haɗin da za a cire daga jefa daga fayil din fayil ɗin fayil ɗin fayil ɗin ya kamata ya zama fayil na yau da kullum wanda ya ƙunshi lambobin ƙira da aka raba ta sabon tallan.
-f fayil
Rubuta madadin don fayil ɗin fayil zai iya zama fayil na musamman na musamman kamar / dev / st0 (mai fitarwa), / dev / rsd1c ( kullin disk ), fayiloli na talakawa, ko "-" (ƙaddaraccen fitarwa). Ana iya ba da sunayen fayiloli masu yawa a matsayin wata hujja guda ɗaya da aka raba ta ƙira. Kowace fayil za a yi amfani dashi don sauke nauyin a cikin tsari da aka jera; idan dump na bukatar ƙarin kaya fiye da yawan sunayen da aka ba, sunan fayil na karshe zai yi amfani da duk sauran kundin bayan an turawa don sauyawar jarida. Idan sunan fayil ɗin ya kasance daga cikin '' mai watsa shiri: fayil '' ko '' mai amfani @ rundunar: fayil '' dump ya rubuta zuwa fayil mai suna a kan m mai amfani ta amfani da rmt (8). Sunan hanyar da aka rigaya na shirin rmt (8) mai nisa shine / sauransu / rmt wannan za'a iya rinjaye ta ta hanyar RMT mai lawura.
-F rubutun
Run script a karshen kowane tef. Sunan na'ura da lambar girma na yanzu suna wucewa akan layin umarni. Rubutun dole ne ya dawo 0 idan dump ya ci gaba ba tare da tambayar mai amfani don canja tef ɗin ba, 1 idan jefa ya kamata ya ci gaba amma ya tambayi mai amfani don canja tef. Duk wani lambar fita zai haifar dump to abort. Don dalilai na tsaro, dump sake komawa zuwa ainihin ID na mai amfani da kuma ainihin rukunin kungiyar kafin a fara rubutun.
-w matakin
Ka girmama mai amfani "` nodump "'flag Dp Dv UF_NODUMP kawai don ƙuntatawa a ko sama da matakin da aka ba da tsohuwar matakin girmamawa shine 1, sabõda haka, madadin bayanan suna watsar da fayiloli ɗin amma cikakkun bayanai suna riƙe da su.
-I na kuskure
Ta hanyar tsoho, juji zai ƙyale ƙananan kurakuran da aka karanta 32 a tsarin fayil kafin a nemi izinin shiga aiki. Zaka iya canza wannan ta amfani da wannan alama zuwa kowane darajar. Wannan yana da amfani a yayin da aka fara gudana a kan tsarin fayiloli masu aiki inda inda aka rubuta kurakurai kawai ya nuna rashin daidaituwa a tsakanin taswirar zubar da taswira da dumping.
-j matsala
Ƙira kowane akwati da za a rubuta a kan tef ta yin amfani da ɗakin karatu na bzlib. Wannan zaɓin zai yi aiki ne kawai a lokacin da dumping zuwa fayil ko bututu ko, a lokacin da dumping zuwa kundin tefto, idan na'urar ta kunsar tana iya rubuta ƙididdiga masu tsayi. Kuna buƙatar akalla 0.4b24 version na mayar don cire fayilolin matsawa. Rubutun da aka rubuta ta amfani da matsawa bazai dace da tsarin Tsarin BSD ba. Sakamakon (zaɓin) ya ƙayyade ƙwanƙolin matakin bzlib zai yi amfani da shi. Matsalar matsawa ta kungiya ita ce 2. Idan an saita maɓallin zaɓi na ainihi, kada a sami sararin sarari tsakanin harafin zaɓi da kuma saiti.
-k
Yi amfani da ƙwaƙwalwar Kerberos don yin magana da manyan sabobin sauti. (Sai kawai idan an kunna wannan zaɓin lokacin da aka haɗa dump .)
-L lakabin
Ana sanya lakabin rubutu na mai amfani wanda aka ba da shi a cikin jigilar ɗigo, inda kayan aiki kamar dawo (8) da fayil (1) zasu iya samun dama gare shi. Lura cewa wannan lakabin yana iyakance ga mafi yawan LBLSIZE (halin yanzu 16), wanda dole ne ya hada da ƙare '\ 0'
-m
Idan an ƙayyade wannan tutar, zubar zai inganta samfurin don an canja canji amma ba a canza ba tun lokacin da aka jefa dashi ("canza" da "gyaggyarawa" yana da ma'anar da aka bayyana a cikin stat (2)). Ga wadanda ke cikin, juji zai adana metadata kawai, maimakon ajiye duk abun ciki. Inodes wanda ya kasance kundin kundin adireshi ne ko an canza shi tun lokacin da aka ajiye dump na karshe a hanya ta yau da kullum. Amfani da wannan takalman dole ne ya zama daidai, ma'anar cewa ko dai kowane jujjuya a cikin tudun ƙarami yana da flag, ko babu wanda yake da shi.
Rubutun da aka rubuta ta yin amfani da wannan 'ƙaddarar' kawai 'inodes bazai dace da tsarin tebur na BSD ba ko kuma tsofaffin sifofi na dawowa.
-M
Yi amfani da fasali mai yawa. Sunan da aka ƙayyade - f an bi da shi azaman prefix da juji ya rubuta a cikin jerin zuwa 001, 002 da dai sauransu. Wannan zai iya zama da amfani a yayin dumping zuwa fayiloli a kan sashi na ext2, don ƙetare iyakar girman fayil din 2GB.
-n
Duk lokacin da dump yana buƙatar kulawa da aiki, sanar da duk masu aiki a cikin 'ƙungiyar' 'ta hanyar amfani da bango (1).
-q
Yi saukowa nan da nan a duk lokacin da ake buƙatar kulawa, ba tare da jawo hankalin idan aka rubuta kurakurai, sauya canji ba.
-Q fayil
Enable Quick File Access goyon bayan. Ana ajiye matsayi na takalma ga kowane jeri a fayil ɗin fayil wanda aka yi amfani da shi ta sake dawowa (idan aka kira tare da saitin Q da sunan filename) zuwa matsakaicin matsayi da tef a cikin fayil ɗin dawowa yana aiki a kan. Wannan lokacin ceton lokuta lokacin da kunna fayiloli guda ɗaya daga manyan fayilolin ajiya, yana adana kaset da kuma shugaban kan.
Ana bada shawara don saita direba ta dawo da maɓallin tashar tasiri maimakon jiki kafin ya kira dump / mayar tare da sirri Q. Tun da ba dukkan na'urori masu teburin suna tallafawa matsayi na jiki ba wadanda na'urorin kebul sun dawo da kuskure yayin juji / dawo lokacin da direba direbobi saita zuwa tsohuwar wuri na jiki. Da fatan a duba shafin mutum na mutum, zaɓi MTSETDRVBUFFER, ko shafi na mt mutum, kan yadda za a saita direba don dawo da matsayi mai ma'ana.
Kafin kiran dawowa tare da maɓallin Q, koyaushe tabbatar cewa an saita direban direba don dawowa irin nau'in matsayi da aka yi amfani dashi lokacin kira don jefawa. In ba haka ba ba zai iya rikitawa ba.
Za'a iya amfani da wannan zaɓin lokacin dumping zuwa kaset na gida (duba sama) ko zuwa fayilolin gida.
-sfufu
Ƙoƙarin ƙidaya adadin tef da aka buƙata a wani nau'i mai yawa. Idan wannan adadin ya wuce, zubar da sauri don sabon sauti. Ana bada shawara don zama dan ra'ayin mazan jiya akan wannan zaɓi. Tamanin tebur mai tsawon mita 2300 ne. Ƙayyade yawan rubutun yana ƙuntata ganowar ƙarshen kafofin watsa labarai.
-S
Girman ƙimar kuɗi. Ƙayyade adadin sararin samaniya da ake buƙata don yin juji ba tare da yin hakan ba, kuma ya nuna yawan adadin bytes zai ɗauka. Wannan yana da amfani tare da ƙuntatawa da yawa don ƙayyade yawan nauyin watsa labarai.
Kwanan wata
Yi amfani da ranar da aka ƙayyade kamar lokacin farawa don juji maimakon lokacin da aka ƙayyade daga neman a / sauransu / dumpdates Tsarin kwanan wata daidai yake da na ctime (3). Wannan zabin yana da amfani ga rubutattun rubutun kayan aiki da suke so su zubar da wani lokaci. Yanayin T - T yana da alaƙa ɗaya daga - zabin.
-u
Ɗaukaka fayil ɗin / sauransu / dumpdates bayan an yi nasara. Tsarin / sauransu / dumpdates yana iya saukewa daga mutane, yana kunshe da wani tsari na kyauta ta kowane layi: sunan fayiloli na tsarin fayiloli , matakin sauya da ctime (3) kwanan wata kwanan wata. Zai yiwu kawai shigarwa ɗaya ta tsarin fayiloli a kowane matakin. Fayil din / sauransu / dumpdates na iya gyara don sauya kowane filin, idan ya cancanta.
-W
Dump ya gaya wa mai haɗin aiki abin da tsarin fayil ya buƙaci a dumped. An tattara wannan bayani daga fayiloli / sauransu / dumpdates da / sauransu / fstab Aikin W - W yana sa dump don bugawa, don dukkan fayilolin tsarin da / sauransu / dumpdates da kuma tsarin fayilolin da aka sake ganewa a / sauransu / fstab kwanan kwanan nan kwanan nan matakin, da kuma nuna muhimmancin abin da ya kamata a dumped. Idan an saita zaɓin W - W , za a manta dukkan sauran zaɓuɓɓuka, da kuma sauke fitowar nan da nan.
-w
Kamar - W amma kwafi ne kawai aka gane fayilolin fayiloli a / sauransu / fstab wanda ake buƙatar zubar.
-z matakin matsawa
Ƙirƙira kowane asusu don a rubuta a kan tef ta yin amfani da ɗakin karatu na zlib. Wannan zaɓin zai yi aiki ne kawai a lokacin da dumping zuwa fayil ko bututu ko, a lokacin da dumping zuwa kundin tefto, idan na'urar ta kunsar tana iya rubuta ƙididdiga masu tsayi. Kuna buƙatar aƙalla 0.4b22 version na mayar don cire fayilolin matsawa. Rubutun da aka rubuta ta amfani da matsawa bazai dace da tsarin Tsarin BSD ba. Da (zaɓin) saiti ya ƙayyade ƙwanƙwasa matakin zlib zai yi amfani da shi. Matsalar matsawa ta kungiya ita ce 2. Idan an saita maɓallin zaɓi na ainihi, kada a sami sararin sarari tsakanin harafin zaɓi da kuma saiti.
Kashewa yana buƙatar shigarwa ta hanyar sadarwa a kan waɗannan yanayi: ƙarshen tef, ƙarshen zubar, rubutun rubutun, kuskuren ɓata ko kuskuren rubutu (idan akwai fiye da kofa na kuskure). Bugu da ƙari, gayyace duk masu aiki da maɓallin - n ke nunawa, haɗawa tare da mai tafiyar da aiki akan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya a wasu lokuta idan juji bai iya ci gaba ba, ko kuma idan wani abu ya yi kuskure sosai. Dole ne a amsa dukkan tambayoyin tambayoyin ta buga "'" ko "" ba "daidai ba.
Tun da yin jingina ya ƙunshi lokaci mai tsawo da ƙwaƙƙwa don ƙosar ƙafa, jefa jigilar shafunan kanta a farkon kowace ƙarar ta. Idan rubutun wannan žara ya kasa saboda wasu dalili, dump , tare da izini mai sarrafawa, sake farawa daga wurin bayanan bayan tsohon tarin an sake sakewa kuma an cire, kuma an sanya sabon labaran.
Dump ya gaya wa mai aiki abin da ke gudana a cikin lokaci na lokaci, ciki har da yawancin ƙayyadadden ƙididdiga na yawan tubalan don rubutawa, adadin takardun da zai ɗauka, lokaci zuwa ƙarshe, da kuma lokacin da tef ɗin ya canza. Sakamakon kayan aiki shine verbose, don haka wasu sun sani cewa mai sarrafa iko yana aiki, kuma zai kasance dan lokaci.
Idan ya faru da wani abu mai ban mamaki, lokacin da ake buƙatar mayar da duk takardun ajiya masu dacewa ko fayiloli zuwa kwakwalwa za a iya kiyaye shi taƙasassin ta hanyar ɓarna ƙuntatawa. Hanyar da ta dace don ƙuntata ƙananan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙira don rage yawan adadin takalma ya biyo baya:
- Koyaushe fara da madaidaiciyar madaidaicin matakin, misali: / sbin / dump -0u -f / dev / st0 / usr / src Wannan ya kamata a yi a lokacin da aka saita, sau ɗaya sau ɗaya ko sau daya a kowane wata biyu, kuma a kan saiti na sabbin kalmomin da aka ajiye har abada.
- Bayan mataki na 0, ana amfani da tsarin fayiloli masu aiki a kowace rana, ta hanyar amfani da Hasumiyar Hasumiyar Hanoi ta algorithm, tare da wannan jigilar matakan: 3 2 5 4 7 6 9 8 9 9 ... Domin yawancin rana, Ya kamata a yi amfani da takaddun kafaffun takardun don kowace rana, ana amfani da shi a kowane mako. Kowace mako, ana karɓa dashi 1, kuma jerin lokuttan da ake kira Hanoi zai sake farawa da 3. Domin a cikin mako daya, ana amfani da saitin takaddama ta hanyar yin amfani da tsarin fayil, kuma a kan hanyar bidiyo.
Bayan watanni da dama ko haka, dole ne a juya rukuni na yau da kullum da kuma mako-mako daga cikin sake zagayewar juyawa da kuma ɓangarorin da aka gabatar da su.
Bincika ALSO
rmt (8)
Muhimmin: Yi amfani da umurnin mutum ( % mutum ) don ganin yadda aka yi amfani da umarnin akan kwamfutarka.