Amfani da Dokar Dokar Linux

Abubuwan da za a ƙayyade dole ne a daidaita su ta wata hanya

Bayanai a cikin fayiloli na Linux za a iya rarraba tare da umarnin irin wannan idan dai kowane ɓangaren yana da alaƙa a wata hanya. Sau da yawa, ana amfani da alamar amfani azaman mai raba gas don bayanin da aka raba.

Sharuɗɗa na Magana don Tattaunawa

Dokar da aka tsara ta sake tsara layin a cikin fayil ɗin rubutu don toshe su a lamba da haruffa. Sharuɗɗa tsoho don irin umarnin sune:

• Rubutun da ya fara tare da lambar yana bayyana a gaban rubutun da zai fara tare da wasika; Ƙananan lambobi sunyi farko.
• Rubutun da ke farawa tare da wasika da ya bayyana a haruffa a baya cewa wasika na farko na sauran shigarwar rubutu an tsara ta kafin rubutu da ya fara tare da wasika da ya bayyana daga baya a cikin haruffa.
• Inda littafi ya fara da babban abu da ƙananan lokuta na wannan wasika, an fara samfurin ƙirar farko.

Musayar fayil ɗin Fayil

Domin zartar da layi a cikin wani fayil na Linux wanda aka ƙaddara, kuna amfani da irin wannan umurni kamar haka:

$ sort -k2 test.txt

wanda yake nuna fayil ɗin "test.txt" bisa ga harufan da suka fara a shafi na biyu (k2 yana nufin shafi na biyu). Tsammanin abun da aka shigar da fayil shine:

1, Justin Timberlake, Title 545, Farashin $ 7.30 2, Taylor Swift, Title 723, Farashin $ 7.90 3, Mick Jagger, Title 610, Farashin $ 7.90 4, Lady Gaga, Darasi 118, Farashin $ 7.30 5, Johnny Cash, Title 482, Farashin $ 6.50 6, Elvis Presley, Title 335, Farashin $ 7.30 7, John Lennon, Title 271, Farashin $ 7.90 8, Michael Jackson, Title 373, Farashin $ 5.50

Saboda shafi na biyu a cikin wannan misalin ya ƙunshi sunayen farko da na ƙarshe, an tsara nau'in sarrafawa ta harafin farko na sunan farko na kowane ɗayan a cikin shafi na biyu-Elvis, John, Johnny, Justin, Lady, Michael, Mick, da Taylor , kamar yadda aka nuna a kasa:

6, Elvis Presley, Title 335, Farashin $ 6.30 7, John Lennon, Title 271, Farashin $ 7.90 5, Johnny Cash, Darajar 482, Farashin $ 6.50 1, Justin Timberlake, Darajar 545, Farashin $ 6.30 4, Lady Gaga, Title 118, Farashin $ 6.30 8, Michael Jackson, Title 373, Farashin $ 5.50 3, Mick Jagger, Title 610, Farashin $ 7.90 2, Taylor Swift, Title 723, Farashin $ 7.90

Idan ka ware fayil ɗin tare da -k3 (ta amfani da abun da ke cikin layin da ke fara a shafi na 3-Lambar lambar lambar), fitarwa ita ce:

4, Lady Gaga, Title 118, Farashin $ 6.30 7, John Lennon, Title 271, Farashin $ 7.90 6, Elvis Presley, Title 335, Farashin $ 6.30 8, Michael Jackson, Title 373, Farashin $ 5.50 5, Johnny Cash, Title 482, Farashin $ 6.50 1, Justin Timberlake, Title 545, Farashin $ 6.30 3, Mick Jagger, Title 610, Farashin $ 7.90 2, Taylor Swift, Title 723, Farashin $ 7.90

da kuma

$ sort -k4 test.txt

samar da jerin tsaftace ta hanyar farashin:

8, Michael Jackson, Title 373, Farashin $ 5.50 1, Justin Timberlake, Title 545, Farashin $ 6.30 4, Lady Gaga, Darasi 118, Farashin $ 6.30 6, Elvis Presley, Darajar 335, Farashin $ 6.30 5, Johnny Cash, Darajar 482, Farashin $ 6.50 2, Taylor Swift, Title 723, Farashin $ 7.90 3, Mick Jagger, Title 610, Farashin $ 7.90 7, John Lennon, Title 271, Farashin $ 7.90

Kashewa da Raba

Zaɓin -r ya sake juyawa. Alal misali, ta yin amfani da sakamakon sama:

$ sort -k4 -r test.txt

da ake samu:

7, John Lennon, Title 271, Farashin $ 7.90 3, Mick Jagger, Title 610, Farashin $ 7.90 2, Taylor Swift, Title 723, Farashin $ 7.90 5, Johnny Cash, Darajar 482, Farashin $ 6.50 6, Elvis Presley, Title 335, Farashin $ 6.30 4, Lady Gaga, Title 118, Farashin $ 6.30 1, Justin Timberlake, Title 545, Farashin $ 6.30 8, Michael Jackson, Title 373, Farashin $ 5.50

Ajiye fayil na Fassara

Kayan fayil bai ajiye shi ba. Don ajiye lissafin da aka jera a cikin fayil, zaka yi amfani da afareta na turawa:

samfurin -k4 -r test.txt> test_new.txt

inda "test_new.txt" shine sabon fayil.

Kaddamar da Kayan Gida

Hakanan zaka iya amfani da umarnin irin wannan zuwa fitarwa daga wani rafi, irin su mai aiki na inganci:

$ ls -al | samo -n -n -k5

Wannan shi ne samfurin fitarwa na jerin fayilolin da umurnin ls ya samar da girman fayil, farawa da mafi yawan fayiloli. The -n afareta ya ƙayyade ƙidayar digiri maimakon haruffa.