Magana ta PCI Express
PCI Express, ta hanyar fasaha ta hanyar sadarwa na al'ada amma sau da yawa ana ganin an rage su kamar PCIe ko PCI-E , wani nau'i ne na haɗi don na'urorin ciki a kwamfuta.
Kullum, PCI Express yana nufin ainihin ƙirar fadada a kan katako wanda ke yarda da katunan fadada na PCIe da kuma nau'in katunan fadada kansu.
Kwamfutar PCI ta maye gurbin AGP da PCI, duka biyu sun maye gurbin tsohuwar hanyar da ake amfani dashi da ake kira ISA.
Duk da yake kwakwalwa zai iya ƙunsar nau'i na nau'ukan nau'ukan fadada, Fadar PCI tana dauke da ma'auni na ciki. Da yawa na'urorin mahaifiyar kwamfutar kwamfuta a yau an gina su ne kawai tare da ramukan PCI Express.
Ta yaya PCI Express Work?
Kamar misalin tsofaffi kamar PCI da AGP, na'urar na'urar PCI Express (kamar wanda aka nuna a hoto a kan wannan shafi) ya zugawa cikin shinge na PCI Express a kan motherboard.
Ƙa'idar ta PCI Express tana ba da izinin sadarwa tsakanin na'ura da kuma motherboard, da sauran kayan aiki .
Duk da yake ba na kowa ba, wani waje na PCI Express ya wanzu, wanda ba'a iya kira shi waje PCI Express amma sau da yawa taqaitaccen zuwa ePCIe .
ePCIe na'urorin, kasancewa waje, buƙatar na musamman na USB don haɗa duk abin da waje, ePCIe na'urar da ake amfani da kwamfuta via wani ePCIe tashar jiragen ruwa, yawanci located a baya na kwamfutar, kawota ta ko dai cikin motherboard ko na musamman na ciki PCIe katin.
Waɗanne nau'in Kayan Cif na PCI Ya Gabatar?
Godiya ga buƙatar sauri da kuma karin wasan kwaikwayo na bidiyo da kayan aikin gyare-gyare na bidiyo, katunan bidiyo sune farkon nau'i na rubutun kwamfuta don amfani da kayan ingantaccen PCIe.
Duk da yake katunan bidiyo suna sauƙi har yanzu yawan PCIe katin za ku ga, wasu na'urorin da suka amfana daga sauri sauri ya haɗa zuwa motherboard, CPU , da RAM kuma ƙara da ake sarrafa shi tare da PCIe haɗin maimakon PCI wadanda.
Alal misali, yawancin katunan sauti masu girma suna amfani da PCI Express, kamar yadda ƙananan katunan keɓaɓɓiyar cibiyar sadarwar cibiyar sadarwa ta haɗa .
Katin kaya mai wuya na iya zama mafi amfani da PCIe bayan katunan bidiyo. Haɗa haɗin SSD mai sauri zuwa wannan ƙirar babban bandwidth yana ba da izinin yin karatun da sauri daga, da kuma rubutawa ga, drive. Wasu kwamitocin komfuta na PCIe har ma sun hada da SSD da aka gina a ciki, sau da yawa canzawa yadda nau'ikan na'urorin ajiya sun haɗa ta a cikin kwamfutar.
Koda yake tare da PCIe na maye gurbin PCI da AGP gaba daya a cikin sababbin mahaifa, kusan kowane nau'i na katin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya wanda ke dogara da waɗannan ƙananan matakan ana sake sake su don tallafa wa PCI Express. Wannan ya hada da abubuwa kamar katin ƙwaƙwalwar USB, katunan Bluetooth, da dai sauransu.
Menene Kalmomin daban-daban na PCI Express?
PCI Express x1 ... PCI Express 3.0 ... PCI Express x16 . Mene ne ma'anar "x" yake nufi? Yaya zaku fada idan komfutarka yana goyon bayan abin da? Idan kana da katin PCI Express x1 amma kana da tashar jiragen kwamfuta na PCI Express x16 , shin wannan aikin? Idan ba, menene zaɓuɓɓuka?
Gyara? Kada ku damu, ba ku kadai ba!
Ba sau da yawa ba a fili a lokacin da kake sayayya don katin fadada don komfutarka, kamar sabon katin bidiyo, wanda daga cikin na'urorin PCIe daban-daban ke aiki tare da kwamfutarka ko wanda ya fi kyau.
Duk da haka, kamar yadda kullun yake gani, yana da kyau sosai sau ɗaya idan kun fahimci muhimman abubuwa guda biyu game da PCIe: sashin da ya bayyana girman jiki, da kuma bangaren da ya bayyana fasalin fasaha, duka sun bayyana a kasa.
PCIe Sizes: x16 vs x8 vs x4 vs x1
Kamar yadda batu ya nuna, lambar bayan x ya nuna girman girman PCI ko slot, tare da x16 kasancewa mafi girma kuma x1 shine mafi ƙanƙanci.
Ga yadda yadda yawancin masu girma suke girma:
| Yawan Fil | Length | |
| PCI Express x1 | 18 | 25 mm |
| PCI Express x4 | 32 | 39 mm |
| PCI Express x8 | 49 | 56 mm |
| PCI Express x16 | 82 | 89 mm |
Komai girman girman PCIe ko katin shi, girman mahimmanci , ƙananan sarari a cikin katin ko slot, yana da kullum a Pin 11 .
A wasu kalmomi, yana da tsawon Pin 11 da ke rike da tsayi kamar yadda kuka matsa daga PCIe x1 zuwa PCIe x16. Wannan yana ba da damar sauƙi don amfani da katunan girman daya tare da ramummukan wani.
Kwamfuta na PCIe sun dace a kowace na'ura na PCIe a kan katako wanda yake akalla kamar yadda yake. Misali, wani PCIe x1 katin zai dace a kowace PCIe x4, PCIe x8, ko PCIe x16 slot. A PCIe x8 katin zai dace a kowace PCIe x8 ko PCIe x16 slot.
PCIe katunan da suka fi girma fiye da PCIe slot iya dace a cikin karami slot amma idan idan wannan PCIe slot an bude-ƙare (watau ba shi da wani a tsaye a karshen slot).
Gaba ɗaya, babban katin PCI Express ko slot yana goyon bayan aikin mafi girma, ɗaukar katunan biyu ko ramummuka kana kwatanta goyon bayan guda PCIe.
Zaka iya ganin cikakken hoton pinout a shafin yanar gizon pinouts.ru.
PCIe Littafi Mai Tsarki: 4.0 vs 3.0 vs 2.0 vs 1.0
Duk lamba bayan PCIe da kake samuwa akan samfurin ko motherboard yana nuna sabon ƙidayar lambar shigarwa na PCI Express wanda ke goyan baya.
Ga yadda yadda iri iri na PCI Express ya kwatanta:
| Bandwidth (a layi) | Bandwidth (da lane a cikin wani x16 slot) | |
| PCI Express 1.0 | 2 Gbit / s (250 MB / s) | 32 Gbit / s (4000 MB / s) |
| PCI Express 2.0 | 4 Gbit / s (500 MB / s) | 64 Gbit / s (8000 MB / s) |
| PCI Express 3.0 | 7.877 Gbit / s (984.625 MB / s) | 126.032 Gbit / s (15754 MB / s) |
| PCI Express 4.0 | 15.752 Gbit / s (1969 MB / s) | 252.032 Gbit / s (31504 MB / s) |
Duk fayilolin PCI Express sunyi baya kuma sun dace da jituwa, ma'anar ko da wane nau'i na PCIe ko katinka na goyon baya, ya kamata suyi aiki tare, a kalla a matsakaicin matakin.
Kamar yadda ka gani, babban ci gaba ga tsarin PCIe ya karu da karfin bandwidth a kowane lokaci, yana ƙaruwa da ƙarfin abin da hardware da aka haɗa zai iya yi.
Amfanin haɓaka da gyaran kafa, ƙarin fasali, da inganta ikon sarrafawa, amma karuwa a bandwidth shine mafi muhimmanci canji don lura daga wannan fasali zuwa fasali.
Ƙarfafa PCIe Compatibility
PCI Express, kamar yadda kake karantawa a cikin sifofi da sassan sashe na sama, yana goyon bayan duk wani sanyi da za ku iya tunanin. Idan ya dace daidai, tabbas yana aiki ... abin da ke da kyau.
Ɗaya daga cikin abu mai muhimmanci don sanin, duk da haka, shi ne cewa don samun ƙara yawan bandwidth (wanda yawanci yayi daidai da mafi girma), za ku so a zabi mafi girma PCIe version cewa your motherboard goyon bayan da zabi mafi girma PCIe size da zai dace.
Alal misali, wani PCI 3.0 x16 bidiyo katin zai ba ka mafi girma yi, amma idan your motherboard kuma goyan bayan PCIe 3.0 kuma yana da free PCIe xin slot. Idan mahaifiyarku tana goyon bayan PCIe 2.0 kawai, katin zai yi aiki har zuwa wannan gudunmawar da aka goyi (misali 64 Gbit / s a cikin ragar x16).
Yawancin mata da kwakwalwa da aka gina a shekarar 2013 ko daga bisani za su goyi bayan PCI Express v3.0. Bincika mahaifiyar ku ko jagorar kwamfutarka idan ba ku tabbatar ba.
Idan ba za ka iya samun wani bayani mai mahimmanci a kan PCI version cewa your motherboard goyon bayan, Ina bada shawarar sayen mafi girma da sabuwar version PCIe katin, idan dai zai dace, ba shakka.
Abin da zai Sauya PCIe?
Masu fasalin wasan bidiyo suna kallo ne don tsara wasanni da suka kasance mafi haɓakawa amma zasu iya yin haka idan za su iya samun ƙarin bayanai daga shirye-shiryen wasan su a cikin maɓallin VR ɗinku ko kwamfutarka da kuma sauye-sauye da ake buƙata don haka.
Saboda wannan, PCI Express ba zai ci gaba da mulki mafi girma a kan laurel ba. PCI Express 3.0 yana da sauri, amma duniya yana so sauri.
PCI Express 5.0, saboda ya cika ta 2019, zai goyi bayan bandwidth na 31.504 GB / s da lane (3938 MB / s), sau biyu abin da PCIe ya bayar. Akwai sauran wasu kamfanonin fasaha wadanda ba na PCIe ba ne kawai amma tun da yake suna bukatar manyan canje-canjen hardware, PCIe na son zama shugaban har zuwa lokaci.