Unix ba ɗaya tsarin aiki bane. Yana ba da dama na "dadin dandano" na yau-waɗanda suka hada da iri-iri, iri, rarrabawa ko aiwatarwa-rassan daga asalinsa a farkon shekarun 1970s. Kodayake dangane da kafaffen ka'idojin Unix, rabawa daban-daban suna da nasu dokoki da siffofi na musamman kuma ana tsara su don aiki tare da nau'ikan kayan aiki.
Babu wanda ya san yadda yawancin dandano na Unix suke akwai, amma yana da lafiya a faɗi cewa idan har da duk wadanda basu da dadi da kuma tsofaffi, yawan adadin Unix shine akalla a daruruwan. Kuna iya fadawa cewa tsarin aiki yana cikin iyali Unix idan yana da suna wanda shine haɗin haruffa U, I, da X.
Babban Sashen na Unix
Ɗauki na zamani Unix sun bambanta ko suna bude tushe (watau, kyauta don saukewa, amfani ko gyaggyarawa) ko maɓallin rufewa (watau, fayiloli binaryi na haƙƙin mallaka ba bisa batun gyara mai amfani ba).
- Minix -ikin aikin -wuri kamar Unix kamar yadda masu amfani da gida suke amfani dashi
- Linux -an hanyar da aka bude don kawo yanayi na Unix kamar yadda ya dace da kwamfutarka da kuma uwar garke; Linux yana shahararrun masu goyon baya a kwamfuta
- Mac OS X- Apple ta tebur tsarin aiki
- BSD s (FreeBSD, DragonflyBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD) -a reshe daga farko Unix jita-jita, bin ka'idodin ka'idar Berkeley Software Distribution
- AIX -jerin jerin cibiyoyin sarrafawa na Unix da IBM ya kafa don sabobin sa
- Solaris -a kayan aiki na uwar garke masu zaman kansu, bisa tushen Unix, Sun Microsystems ya bunkasa
- OpenSolaris -an bude-source bambancin na Solaris
- Hanyoyin HP-UX -jerin-layi na musamman na Unix da HP ta samar don sabobin sa
Ƙididdiga Masu Cin Kasuwanci
A cikin shekaru, shafukan yanar gizo daban-daban na jin dadin karuwar yawanci, amma da yawa suna nuna cewa kasancewa ne a cikin mafi yawan kayan aiki a kan kwamfutar kwakwalwa. kamar yadda aka ruwaito ta hanyar DistroWatch, wani shafin yanar gizo mai tsawo wanda ya hada da labaran Linux. Wasu daga cikin mafi yawan samo asali a 2017 sun hada da:
- Mint -a version of Ubuntu tare da ƙarin direbobi software da ƙananan al'ada
- Debian -an aiwatar da takardun aikin kanta ne a matsayin "tsarin aiki na duniya" kuma yana da gagarumar rabon kasuwancin da kuma tushen tushen aikace-aikacen
- Manjaro - a kan aikin Arch Linux, Manjaro yana goyan bayan matsala
- Ubuntu - babban dan wasa a cikin kasuwar Linux, manufa ta Ubuntu ita ce samar da wani sauƙi mai sauƙi da amfani wanda aka tsara da kuma dacewa duk da ƙananan harshe da nakasa.
- Antergos - a kan aikin Arch Linux, wannan rarraba yana ba da tsarin sa na al'ada
- OpenSUSE -waddar Jamus ɗin da ke gudana a cikin lokaci wanda ke cikin sashe na SUSE Linux
- Fedora -a aikin gari na tushen Red Hat
- Solus -wallarar da aka gina daga Ireland tare da yanayin al'ada da ake kira "Budgie" wanda yake kama da tsohon GNOME 2 tebur
- Zorin -a rarraba da aka nufa don ƙaddamar da sauti da jin dadin Windows don taimakawa sababbin masu amfani da Linux daga tsarin tsarin aiki na Microsoft
- Ƙananan haɓakawa akan Ubuntu, elementaryOS yana amfani da yanayin al'ada da ake kira Parthenon wanda yayi kama da, a wasu hanyoyi, Mac OS
Rarraba shahararrun canje-canje sau da yawa. A shekara ta 2002, kasuwa 10 mafi girma, don sha'awa, sune Mandrake, Red Hat, Gentoo, Debian, Sorcerer, SuSE, Slackware, Lycoris, Lindows da Xandros. Shekaru goma sha biyar daga baya, Debian kawai ya kasance a jerin Top 10; mafi girma, Slackware, ya fadi a No. 33. Daga cikin rabawa da aka sani a shekara ta 2017, babu wanda sai Debian ya kasance a shekarar 2002.
Linux Rarraba Facts
Gyare game da wane labaran Linux don gwadawa? Daga hangen nesa na mai amfani da tebur, babban bambancin tsakanin dandano na Linux ya sauko zuwa kawai zabi kaɗan:
- Launin Desktop - kamar Microsoft Windows ko Mac OS X, Linux yana goyan bayan yanayin daban-daban daban-daban, kowannensu yana da sauti daban-daban. Hanyoyi na kowa sun haɗa da Gnome (Cinnamon da MATE), KDE, Xfce da Budgie.
- An shirya shirye-shiryen mai sarrafawa -Linux don takamaiman kayan aiki-kayan aiki. Babban bambanci shine a tsakanin fayilolin Red Hat Package Manager ko fayilolin Debian, waɗanda aka nuna ta hanyar RPM ko tsawo na DEB. Red Hat Linux yana amfani da RPMs, Ubuntu yana amfani da DEBs; musayar tsakanin su biyu ƙware ne mai amfani.
- Matsayin FOSS- wasu masu amfani suna kulawa sosai game da tsananin tsananin rarrabawa ga daidaituwa ga ka'idojin Software da Saukewa.
Kuna iya samun na'urar Linux a hannun ku. Hanyoyin sarrafa na'ura na Android don wayowin komai da ruwan da Allunan suna dogara ne akan Linux kuma ana iya la'akari da irin nau'in rarraba Linux a kansa.