Kada ka ƙaddamar da Amincin Mai Girma kamar yadda aka fitar da shi
Babban abu da yake fitowa a kan layi da jaridar Jarida don masu tarin yawa, sigogi, da kuma masu sauraren wasan kwaikwayo, ita ce rating watts-per-channel (WPC). Ɗaya mai karɓa yana da 50 Watts-Per-Channel (WPC), wani kuma yana da 75, kuma duk da haka wani yana da 100. Mafi watts shine mafi kyau? Ba mahimmanci ba.
Yawancin mutane suna ganin cewa mafi yawan watts yana nufin karin ƙara. Mai girma da 100 WPC yana da ƙarfi a matsayin 50 WPC, dama? Ba daidai ba.
Ƙididdigar Ƙarfin Ƙarƙwarar Za Ta Yi Ruɗuwa
Lokacin da ya zo da ƙarfin ikon ƙarfafa ƙarfin gaske, musamman ma kewaye da masu karɓar sauti , mai yawa ya dogara da yadda mai gaskiya mai ƙira ya ƙayyade matsayin ƙimar kyautar da ya zaɓa don ingantawa. Idan ka ga tallace-tallace ko sanarwar samfurori inda mai sana'anta ke bayyana alamun mulki, ba za ka iya ɗaukar lambar ba a darajar fuska. Kuna buƙatar dubawa a hankali a kan abin da mai sana'a ke shimfida maganganunsu akan.
Alal misali, a masu karɓar wasan kwaikwayon da ke da mahimmanci na 5.1 ko 7.1 , an bayyana ƙayyadaddun kayan aiki na ƙayyadaddun lokacin da amplifier yana tuki guda ɗaya ko biyu tashoshi a lokaci guda, ko kuma ƙayyadadden ƙaddamarwa na amplifier lokacin da duk tashoshi kori gaba ɗaya? Bugu da kari, an yi amfani da muryar gwajin 1 kHz, ko tare da sauti 20Hz zuwa 20KHz ?
A wasu kalmomi, lokacin da ka ga wata alama mai ƙarfi na watsi 100 Watts-per-channel a 1 kHz (wanda aka dauka matsayin tsaka-tsaki tsakanin mita-mita) tare da tashar tashar guda ɗaya, watsiwar watsi na duniya a yayin da dukkanin tashoshi 5 ko 7 aiki a lokaci guda a fadin dukkanin kwakwalwa zai zama ƙasa, mai yiwuwa kamar 30 ko 40% žasa. Alamar mafi kyau ita ce kafa harshe lokacin da aka ɗora tashoshin biyu, kuma, maimakon kawai yin amfani da sauti 1kHz, yi amfani da 20Hz zuwa 20kHz sauti, wanda ya wakiltar mafi yawan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙarfin ɗaukar mita wanda mutum zai iya. Duk da haka, wannan har yanzu bai cika la'akari da damar ƙarfin ikon ƙarfin ƙarfin amplifier ba lokacin da aka kaddamar da tashoshi.
A gefe guda, ba duk tashoshin sadarwa na ainihi yana buƙatar ikon guda ɗaya a lokaci ɗaya kamar yadda bambancin abun ciki na jiɓaɓɓen abubuwan ya shafi sha'ani ga kowane tashar a kowane lokaci. Alal misali, fim din bidiyo zai sami sassan inda kawai ana iya buƙatar tashoshi na gaba don fitarwa na iko, amma tashoshin kewaye suna iya samar da ƙananan ƙarar murya. Ta hanyar wannan alama, ana iya kiran tashoshin da ke kewaye don samar da wutar lantarki mai yawa don fashewa ko fashewa, amma ana iya ƙarar da hanyoyi na gaba a lokaci guda.
Bisa ga waɗannan sharuɗɗa, bayanin ƙayyadaddun ikon da aka tsara a cikin mahallin ya fi dacewa ga yanayi na ainihi. Ɗaya daga cikin misalai zai zama tashar 80 watts, wanda aka auna daga 20Hz zuwa 20kHz, 2-tashoshin da aka kori, 8 ohms, .09% THD.
Abin da dukkanin kalmomi suke nufi shine amplifier (ko mai karɓar gidan wasan kwaikwayon) yana da damar samar da 80-WPC (wanda ya fi isa ga girman ɗakunan girma), ta yin amfani da sautun gwaji a kan dukkanin sauraron mutum, lokacin da tashoshi biyu suna aiki tare da masu magana 8-ohm . Har ila yau an haɗa shi shine sanarwa cewa sakamakon rarrabawar (wanda ake kira THD ko jita-jitar jituwa duka) kawai .09% - wanda ke wakiltar wani fitarwa mai tsabta sosai (fiye da THD daga baya a cikin wannan labarin).
Ci gaba na ci gaba
Ƙarin mahimmancin da za a yi la'akari shine ikon mai karɓa ko ƙarawa don fitar da cikakken ikonsa gaba daya. A wasu kalmomi, kawai saboda mai karɓar / mai karɓa na iya ƙidaya a matsayin mai iya samarwa 100 WPC, ba yana nufin zai iya yin haka don kowane lokaci mai tsawo. Koyaushe tabbatar da cewa lokacin da kake bincika Bayani mai mahimmanci, cewa ana ƙaddamar da aikin WPC a cikin RMS ko FTC, kuma ba ƙayyadaddun kalmomi irin su Gwanon Gwaji ko Ƙarfi Mai Kyau ba.
Decibels
Ana auna matakan sauti a cikin Decibels (dB) . Kunnenmu na gane bambance-bambance a matsayi mai girma a cikin hanyar da ba a layi ba. Ƙarshe ya zama ƙasa marar sauƙin sautin yayin da yake ƙarawa. Decibels ƙananan ƙarfin haɗin kai ne. Bambanci kamar kimanin 1 dB mafi sauƙin canji a cikin ƙarar, 3 dB shi ne canjin canji a matsakaici, kuma kimanin 10 dB yana kimanin kusan ƙarar girma.
Don ba ku ra'ayin yadda wannan ya shafi al'amuran da ke faruwa a duniya an kwatanta wadannan misalai:
- 0 dB shine ƙofar ji
- Whisper: 15-25 dB
- Ƙarar murya: game da 35 dB
- Gida na al'ada ko ofishin bayanan: 40-60 dB
- Muryar magana ta al'ada: 65-70 dB
- Orchestral jimla: 105 dB
- Live Rock music: 120 dB +
- Ciwo mai zafi: 130 dB
- Jet jirgin sama: 140-180 dB
Domin maɗaukaki ɗaya don haɓaka sauti sau biyu kamar ƙararrawa kamar yadda yake a cikin decibels, kana buƙatar sauyawa sau goma. Ƙwararrawar da aka ƙayyade a 100 WPC yana iya sau biyu girman matakin ƙwararru na WWW 10, wani amplifier da aka kiyasta a 100 WPC ya zama 1,000 WPC don zama sau biyu a sarari. A takaice dai, dangantakar tsakanin ƙararrawa da watsiwar fitarwa ita ce logarithmic maimakon linzaminar.
Zubar da ciki
Bugu da ƙari, ingancin amplifier ba kawai yana nunawa a cikin sarrafawar wattage da kuma ƙarar murya ba. Mai karawa da ke nuna ƙarar murya ko murguwa a matakan ƙararrawa mai ƙarfi ba zai yiwu ba. Kuna da kyau tare da amplifier kimanin 50 WPC tare da matakin ƙananan ƙarfin da ya fi ƙarfin ƙarfin iko tare da matakan girman murya.
Duk da haka, idan aka gwada jita-jita tsakanin mahimmanci ko masu gidan wasan kwaikwayo na gidan wasan kwaikwayo - abubuwa zasu iya samun "girgije" - kamar yadda zaka iya lura, a kan takaddun sa, mai karɓa ko mai karɓar A iya samun kwatancin girman girman .01% a 100 watts na fitarwa , yayin da amplifier ko mai karɓar B zai iya samun girman fasalin lissafi na 1% a 150 watts na fitarwa.
Kuna iya ɗauka cewa mai ƙara / mai karɓar A yana iya zama mafi karɓar mai karɓa - amma dole kuyi la'akari da cewa ba'a bayyana fassarar masu karɓa biyu ba don irin wannan ikon. Zai yiwu cewa duka masu karɓa suna iya samun daidaituwa guda ɗaya (ko kusa) yayin da duka suna gudana a fitowar watsi 100 watts, ko kuma lokacin da aka kora A zuwa fitarwa 150 watts, zai iya samun daidai (girman maɗaukaki) kamar yadda Mai karɓar B .
A gefe guda, idan mai girma yana da girman girman kashi 1% a 100 watts kuma wani yana da girman ƙaddamarwa na kawai .01% a 100 watts, sa'an nan kuma ya fi dacewa cewa amplifier ko mai karɓa tare da girman girman girman .01%. shi ne mafi kyaun karɓa, a kalla tare da gaisuwa ga wannan bayani.
A matsayin misali na karshe, idan kuna gudu a fadin mai karbawa ko mai karɓar wanda yana da girman girman girman kashi na 10% a 100 watts, zai zama wanda ba zai yiwu ba a wannan matakin samar da wutar lantarki - yana yiwuwa yana iya zama mai ladabi, tare da raguwa, a matakin ƙarancin wutar lantarki. Duk da haka, idan ka shiga cikin wani mai karfi ko mai karɓa wanda ya bada jerin girman matakin kashi 10% (ko kowane mataki na juyawa sama da 1%) don ƙaddamar da ikon wutar lantarki - Ina iya sa ido - ko, a kalla, kokarin samun wasu ƙarin bayani daga masu sana'a kafin sayen.
Ƙaddamarwa ƙayyadaddun bayani an bayyana ta kallon THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) .
Sakon Neman Sigina-Ƙungiya (S / N)
Bugu da ƙari, wani mahimmancin haɓakawa mai kyau shine Sigina na Sigina (S / N), wanda shine rabo daga sauti zuwa ƙarar murya. Matsayin da ya fi girma, yawan ƙararrawa masu kyau (kiɗa, murya, tasiri) an rabu da su daga ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da murya. A cikin ƙayyadaddun bayanai, ana nuna siosin S / N a cikin decibels. Siffar S / N na 70db yafi kyawawa fiye da S / N rabo na 50db.
Tsarin Dynamic Headroom
Karshe (saboda ma'anar wannan tattaunawa), amma akalla (ta kowace hanya), karfin mai karɓar / amplifier zuwa ikon sarrafawa a matakin da ya fi dacewa don gajeren lokaci don saukar da tashoshin kiɗa ko tsinkayen sauti a fina-finai. Wannan yana da mahimmanci a aikace-aikace na gidan wasan kwaikwayon, inda canjin canji ya yi yawa kuma ƙararrawa yana faruwa a lokacin fim. Wannan bayanin ya bayyana a matsayin Dynamic Headroom .
Ana auna Sashin Dynamic a cikin decibels. Idan mai karɓa / amplifier yana da damar ninka shi ne fitarwa na wutar lantarki don ɗan gajeren lokaci don saukar da yanayin da aka bayyana a sama, zai sami Dynamic Headroom na 3db.
Layin Ƙasa
A lokacin sayayya don mai karɓa / mai karawa, kasancewa ƙyama game da ƙayyadaddun kayan aiki mai mahimmanci kuma ɗaukar kaya na wasu dalilai irin su Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), Sigina na Signal-to-Noise (S / N), Dynamic Headroom, da kuma yadda ya dace . ƙwarewar masu magana da kake amfani da su.
Mai girma ko mai karɓa, kodayake cibiyar cibiyar wasan kwaikwayo ko gidan gidan wasan kwaikwayon , wasu kayan aiki irin su Lasifika, na'urorin Input (CD, Turntable, Cassette, DVD, Blu-ray da sauransu ...) ana danganta su cikin sarkar. Duk da haka, zaka iya samun mafi kyawun kayan da aka samo, amma idan mai karɓa ko amplifier ba ya zuwa aiki, jin dadin sauraronka zai sha wuya.
Kodayake kowace ƙayyadadden gudummawa yana taimakawa ga ƙwarewar mai karɓar mai karɓa ko ƙarawa, yana da mahimmanci don jaddada cewa samfurin guda, wanda aka ɗauka daga cikin mahallin tare da wasu dalilai ba ya ba ka cikakken hoto game da yadda tsarin gidan gidan ka zai yi.
Har ila yau, ko da yake yana da mahimmanci don fahimtar kalmomin da Ad da tallace-tallace suka jefa a gare ku, kada ku bari lambobin ya rufe ku. Ya kamata yanke shawarar karshe ta amfani da kunnuwan ku, da kuma a cikin dakinku.