Kalmar SAN a cikin sadarwar komputa mafi yawanci tana nufin hanyar sadarwar yanki amma yana iya komawa zuwa hanyar sadarwar sassan yanar gizo.
Cibiyar yanki na yankin ajiya ce ta hanyar cibiyar sadarwa ta gida (LAN) da aka tsara don ɗaukar manyan bayanai da ke canzawa da kuma ajiyar ajiya na bayanan dijital. SAN yana goyon bayan adana bayanai, dawowa da kuma sabuntawa a kan tashoshin kasuwanci ta amfani da saitunan ƙaura, ƙananan faifan faifai da fasahar haɗi.
Cibiyoyin sadarwa suna aiki daban-daban fiye da cibiyoyin sadarwa na uwar garke na al'ada - saboda yanayin musamman na ayyukansu. Alal misali, cibiyoyin gida suna danganta masu amfani da Intanet, wanda ya haɗa da ƙananan ƙididdigar bayanai da aka haifar da sauye-sauye, kuma zai iya sake buƙatar wasu buƙatu idan sun kasance sun rasa. Cibiyoyin sadarwa, ta hanyar kwatanta, dole su riƙa ɗaukar nauyin bayanai da yawa a cikin buƙatun bugunan kuma ba za su iya iya rasa duk wani bayanan ba.
Cibiyoyin yanki na cibiyar sadarwa wani ɓangaren kwakwalwa ne wanda aka yi amfani da shi don aikace-aikacen kayan aiki da ake bukata wanda ke buƙatar cibiyoyin sadarwa na gaggawa don tallafawa ƙididdigar haɗin kai da fitarwa ga masu amfani na waje.
Fiber Channel vs. iSCSI
Fasahar sadarwa guda biyu masu tasiri don cibiyoyin ajiya - Cibiyar fiber da Intanit Kananan Kayan Kayan Kwamfuta ta kwamfuta (iSCSI) - an yi amfani dasu duka guda biyu a SAN kuma sun yi jituwa tare da juna shekaru da yawa.
Fiber Channel (FC) ya zama babban zaɓi na sadarwar SAN a tsakiyar shekarun 1990s. Cibiyoyin sadarwa na al'ada na Fiber Channel sun ƙunshi kayan aiki na musamman wanda ake kira Fiber Channel yana canzawa da keɓaɓɓen ajiya ga SAN da Fiber Channel HBA (masu amfani da ƙananan bus din masu amfani) wanda ke haɗa wadannan sauyawa zuwa kwakwalwa. FC sadarwa samar da bayanai bayanai tsakanin 1 Gbps da 16 Gbps.
iSCSI an halicce shi a matsayin ƙananan farashi, ƙananan yi madadin zuwa Fiber Channel kuma ya fara girma cikin shahararrun a lokacin tsakiyar 2000s. iSCSI yana aiki tare da gyaran Ethernet da kuma haɗin jiki maimakon maimakon kayan aikin musamman wanda aka ƙera musamman don ɗaukar kayan aiki. Yana bada tarin bayanai na 10 Gbps kuma mafi girma.
iSCSI ya yi kira musamman ga ƙananan kasuwanni wanda yawanci ba su da ma'aikatan da aka horar da su a cikin tsarin fasahar Fiber Channel. A gefe guda, kungiyoyi da suka riga sun samu a Fiber Channel daga tarihi ba za su ji an tilasta su gabatar da iSCSI a cikin su ba. An zabi wani tsari na FC da ake kira Fiber Channel akan Ethernet (FCoE) don rage farashin FC mafita ta hanyar kawar da buƙatar sayen kayan HBA. Ba duk Ethernet sauya goyon bayan FCoE ba, duk da haka.
SAN Products
Masu sanannun masu sana'a na kayan sadarwar ajiya sun hada da EMC, HP, IBM, da Brocade. Bugu da ƙari, FC sauyawa da HBA, masu sayarwa kuma suna sayar da ɗakunan ajiya da kuma ƙuƙwalwar ajiya don kafofin watsa labarai ta jiki. Kudin SAN kayan aiki ya fito ne daga wasu ƙananan har zuwa dubban daloli.
SAN vs. NAS
SAN fasaha ya kama kama daga cibiyar sadarwa na cibiyar sadarwa (NAS). Duk da yake SAN yayi amfani da ka'idodin hanyar sadarwa na low-level don canja wurin tubalan faifai, na'urar NAS tana aiki akan TCP / IP kuma za'a iya haɗawa da sauƙi a cikin hanyoyin sadarwar gida .