A cache DNS (wani lokacin da ake kira DNS cache cache) shi ne ma'auni na wucin gadi, wanda aka kiyaye ta tsarin sarrafa kwamfuta, wanda ya ƙunshi rubutun duk kwanan nan da ya ziyarta kuma ya yi ƙoƙari ya ziyarci shafukan yanar gizon yanar gizon da sauran shafukan internet.
A wasu kalmomi, cache na DNS ne kawai ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar binciken DNS na kwanan nan cewa komfutarka zai iya mayar da hankali a yayin da yake ƙoƙarin gano yadda za a kaya shafin yanar gizo.
Mafi yawan mutane kawai ji maganar "DNS cache" lokacin da tana nufin flushing / share DNS cache domin taimakawa wajen gyara wani internet connectivity batun. Akwai ƙarin akan wannan a kasan shafin.
Manufar Cache ta Cache
Intanit yana dogara da tsarin Sunan Kayan (DNS) don kula da jerin abubuwan shafukan yanar gizo da adiresoshin IP na daidai. Zaka iya yin la'akari da shi kamar littafin waya.
Tare da littafin waya, ba mu da muyi haddace lambar wayar kowa, wanda shine kawai hanyar wayoyi zasu iya sadarwa: tare da lambar. Haka kuma, ana amfani da DNS don haka za mu iya guje wa yin la'akari da adireshin IP na yanar gizon, wanda kawai shine hanyar hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar sadarwar yanar gizo.
Wannan shi ne abin da ya faru a baya da labule lokacin da ka tambayi mahadar yanar gizonka don kaddamar da shafin yanar gizo ...
Kuna buga a cikin URL kamar da kuma burauzar yanar gizonku ya tambayi rojin ku don adireshin IP. Mai na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa yana da adreshin uwar garken DNS wanda aka adana, saboda haka yana buƙatar uwar garken DNS don IP address na sunan mai masaukin . The DNS uwar garken sami IP adireshin da nasa ne sa'an nan kuma iya fahimtar shafin yanar gizon da kake nema, bayan haka mai burauzarka zai iya ɗaukar shafi mai dacewa.
Wannan yana faruwa ga kowane shafin yanar gizon da kake son ziyarta. A duk lokacin da mai amfani ya ziyarci shafin yanar gizon ta sunan mai masauki, mai bincike na yanar gizo ya fara buƙata zuwa intanit, amma wannan buƙatar ba za a iya kammala ba har sai sunan shafin ya "canza" zuwa adireshin IP.
Matsalar ita ce, ko da yake akwai tons na sabobin DNS masu zaman kansu cibiyar sadarwarku na iya amfani dasu don yunkurin sauya tsarin tsari / sabuntawa, yana da hanzari don samun kundin "littafin waya," wanda shine inda shafukan DNS suka shiga wasa.
Tasirin cache na DNS yayi ƙoƙari don hanzarta aiwatar har ma ta hanyar daidaita batun ƙuduri na adiresoshin da aka ziyarta kwanan nan kafin a nemi buƙatar zuwa intanet.
Lura: Akwai tabbacin shafukan DNS a kowane matsayi na tsarin "dubawa" wanda ke kawo kwamfutarka don kaddamar da shafin yanar gizon. Kwamfuta ta kai ga mai ba da hanya ta hanyoyin sadarwa, wadda ke tuntuɓar ISP ɗinka, wanda zai iya buga wani ISP kafin ya kawo karshen a abin da ake kira "sabobin DNS". Kowace wa anda ke cikin wannan tsari yana da cache na DNS don wannan dalili, wanda shine don saurin tsari na ƙuduri.
Ta yaya Cache Cache ke aiki
Kafin mai bincike ya buƙaci buƙatunsa zuwa waje, kwamfutar ta cafe kowane ɗayan kuma ya dubi sunan yankin cikin DNS cache database. Cibiyar ta ƙunshe da jerin duk kwanan nan sun shiga sunayen yanki da adiresoshin da aka ƙaddara DNS a gare su a karo na farko da aka nemi buƙatar.
Za a iya ganin abinda ke ciki na cache na DNS na gida a kan Windows ta amfani da ipconfig / displaydns, tare da sakamakon kama da wannan:
docs.google.com
-------------------------------------
Sunan Rubutun. . . . . : docs.google.com
Nau'in Rubuce. . . . . : 1
Lokaci Don Zuwa. . . . : 21
Bayanan Lissafi. . . . . : 4
Sashi. . . . . . . : Amsa
A (Mai watsa shiri) Record. . . : 172.217.6.174
A cikin DNS, "A" rikodin shine rabo daga shigarwar DNS wanda ya ƙunshi adireshin IP don sunan mai suna. Adireshin cache yana adana wannan adireshin, sunan da aka nema da shafin yanar gizon, da kuma sauran sigogi daga shigarwar shigarwa ta DNS.
Mene Ne Cache Cache Dama?
A cache DNS ya zama guba ko gurɓata lokacin da aka sanya sunayen yanki mara izini ko adiresoshin IP cikin shi.
Lokaci-lokaci wani cache na iya zama lalacewa saboda glitches na fasaha ko kuma haɗari na gunduma, amma shafukan yanar gizo na cache suna yawan hade da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin kwamfuta ko wasu hare-hare na cibiyar sadarwa waɗanda saka shigarwar DNS mara kyau a cikin cache.
Rashin ciyayi yana sa masu buƙatar buƙatun su juya su zuwa inda ba daidai ba, yawanci shafukan intanet ko shafukan da ke cike da tallace-tallace.
Alal misali, idan rikodin docs.google.com daga sama yana da rikodin "A" daban-daban, to, lokacin da ka shiga docs.google.com a cikin shafukan yanar gizon yanar gizonku , za a dauki ku a wani wuri.
Wannan yana haifar da matsalar matsala ga shafukan yanar gizo. Idan mai haɗari ya sake mika buƙatarka don Gmail.com , alal misali, zuwa shafin yanar gizon da ke kama da Gmel amma ba haka ba, za ka iya kawo karshen wahala daga wani harin da ake tasowa kamar fatar .
DNS Flushing: Abin da Yayi da kuma yadda za a yi shi
A lokacin da matsala ta ɓoye guba ko wasu shafukan yanar-gizon sadarwa, mai kula da kwamfuta zai iya so ya jawo (watau bayyana, sake saiti, ko shafewa) cache na DNS.
Tun da share cache na DNS ya kawar da duk shigarwar, yana cire duk wani ɓangare marar kyau kuma ya tilasta kwamfutarka ta sake buga adireshin da ke gaba lokacin da kake ƙoƙarin isa ga waɗannan shafuka. Wadannan sababbin adiresoshin suna karɓa daga uwar garke ta DNS ɗinka ne saitin don amfani.
Don haka, don yin amfani da misalin da ke sama, idan rikodin Gmel.com ya guba kuma ya tura ka zuwa wani shafin yanar gizo, ya zama mai amfani da mataki na farko don samun Gmail.com na yau da kullum.
A cikin Microsoft Windows, za ka iya ɗaukar cache na DNS ta tsakiya ta amfani da umarnin ipconfig / flushdns a cikin Dokar Umurnin . Ka san shi yana aiki lokacin da ka ga Windows IP sanyi samu nasarar flushed da DNS Resolver Cache ko Successfully flushed da DNS Resolver Cache saƙon.
Ta hanyar umarni mai mahimmanci, masu amfani da macOS su yi amfani da dscacheutil -flushcache , amma ka sani cewa babu "nasara" sakon bayan ya gudana, don haka ba a gaya maka idan ta yi aiki ba. Masu amfani da Linux sun shigar da umurnin /etc/rc.d/init.d/nscd sake farawa .
Mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa zai iya samun cache na DNS kuma, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa sake saita na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa sau da yawa wani mataki na matsala. Domin wannan dalili za ka iya jawo cache na DNS akan kwamfutarka, za ka iya sake yin na'urar mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa don share adreshin intanet wanda aka adana a cikin ƙwaƙwalwarsa na wucin gadi.