Hadin Intanit Sadarwar Sadarwa (ISDN) haɗin fasaha ne wanda ke tallafawa sauyawar dijital na murya daya da zirga-zirgar bayanai tare da goyon baya ga bidiyo da fax. ISDN ta samu karbuwa a duniya a shekarun 1990s amma yawancin fasahohin yanar gizo na zamani ya karbe shi.
Tarihin ISDN
Kamar yadda kamfanonin sadarwa suka karu da kayan sadarwar su ta hanyar analog zuwa dijital, haɗin kai ga mazauna mazauna da kamfanonin (wanda ake kira "miliyon mai tsawo") ya kasance a kan tsohuwar alamar sakonni da waya. An tsara ISDN a matsayin hanya don ƙaura wannan fasahar zuwa dijital. Kasuwanci sun samo asali a cikin ISDN saboda yawan lambobin karan da kebul da na'urorin fax da ke da alaƙa da hanyoyin sadarwa.
Amfani da ISDN don Intanit Intanit
Mutane da yawa sun fara sani game da ISDN a matsayin madadin hanyoyin yin amfani da yanar-gizon gargajiya. Kodayake farashin sabis ɗin Intanit ISDN ya kasance mai daraja, wasu masu amfani suna son karɓar ƙarin don sabis ɗin da aka tallata har zuwa tseren Kbps na 128 Kbps tare da saurin Kwanan 56 Kbps (ko hankali).
Yin amfani da ISDN Intanit yana buƙatar modem na dijital maimakon mawuyacin alamar gargajiya, da kwangilar sabis tare da mai bada sabis na ISDN. Daga ƙarshe, yawancin hanyoyin sadarwa da ke goyon baya da sababbin fasahohin yanar gizo na zamani kamar DSL ya kusantar da mafi yawan abokan ciniki daga ISDN.
Kodayake mutane kaɗan suna ci gaba da yin amfani da ita a cikin kananan yankunan da ba a samu mafi kyau ba, mafi yawan masu samar da Intanet sun busa goyon baya ga ISDN.
Da fasaha bayan ISDN
ISDN tana gudana a kan layin waya ko layin T1 (Lines E1 a wasu ƙasashe); ba ya goyi bayan haɗin waya ba). Hanyar sigina ta hanyar amfani da yanar gizo ISDN ta fito ne daga hanyar sadarwa, ciki har da Q.931 don kafa saiti da kuma Q.921 don samun damar shiga.
Babban bambanci guda biyu na ISDN sun kasance:
- Bayanin Asalin Daidaitawa (BRI-ISDN) : Nau'in ISDN cewa masu amfani sun gane matsayin zaɓi na Intanit, BRI yana aiki akan layin tarho na yau da kullum kuma tana goyon bayan ƙimar bayanai na 128 Kbps don biyan kuɗi da saukewa. Tashoshi 64 Kbps da ake kira tashoshi masu gudana (wanda ake kira DS-0 a haɗin sadarwa) suna ɗaukar bayanai yayin da tashoshi 16 Kbps ke kula da bayanai. Masu amfani da Telecom wasu lokuta ma suna kira wannan sabis ɗin ISDN2 yana nufin tsarin saitin bayanai guda biyu.
- Ƙaramar Matakan Farko (PRI-ISDN) : Wannan tsari mai girma na ISDN na goyon bayan cikakken t1 na 1.544 Mbps (har zuwa 2.048 Mbps akan E1). A kan T1, PRI yana amfani da tashar mai gudana guda ashirin daidai da kowa dauke da 64 Kbps na zirga-zirga, idan aka kwatanta da 2 irin tashoshi na BRI. A Turai da Asiya, masu sau da yawa suna kira wannan sabis ɗin ISDN30 kamar yadda E1 Lines da aka yi amfani da su a waɗannan ƙasashe suna tallafawa tashoshi 30.
Na uku nau'in ISDN da aka kira Broadband (B-ISDN) an kuma bayyana. Wannan tsari mafi girma na ISDN an tsara shi don ƙaddamarwa zuwa daruruwan Mbps, gudanar da igiyoyin fiber optic kuma amfani da ATM a matsayin fasahar canzawa. Broadband ISDN ba ta sami amfani ta al'ada ba.