ATM na da hanyar nazarin hanyar canja wuri na Asynchronous. Yana da hanyar sadarwa mai sauri wanda aka tsara don tallafawa murya, bidiyo da kuma bayanai, kuma don inganta amfani da ingancin sabis (QoS) a kan hanyoyin sadarwa mai zurfi.
Ana amfani da ATM da masu amfani da intanet a kan cibiyoyin nesa na nesa. ATM tana aiki a layin jigilar bayanai (Layer 2 a tsarin OSI ) akan ko dai fiber ko igiya na biyu.
Kodayake yana raguwa saboda NGN (cibiyar tsarawa ta gaba), wannan yarjejeniya ta da mahimmanci ga kashin SONET / SDH, PSTN (jama'a sun canza wayar tarho) da ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network).
Lura: ATM ma yana tsaye ne don na'ura mai sarrafa kanta ta atomatik . Idan kana neman irin wannan hanyar ATM (don ganin inda ATMs ke samuwa), zaka iya samun VISA ta ATM Locator ko Mastercard ta ATM Locator don taimakawa.
Ta yaya ATM Ayyuka Cibiyoyin aiki
ATM ya bambanta da sauran hanyoyin sadarwa na sadarwa kamar Ethernet a hanyoyi da dama.
Ga ɗaya, ATM yana amfani da zartarwa. Maimakon amfani da software, kayan sadarwar sadaukar da aka sani da maɓallin ATM sun kafa haɗin gizon-kai tsakanin ma'ana da bayanan da ke gudana kai tsaye daga tushe zuwa manufa.
Bugu da ƙari, maimakon yin amfani da buƙatun-canje-canje kamar Ethernet da Internet Protocol din, ATM yana amfani da ƙayyadaddun tantanin halitta don haɓaka bayanai. Wadannan ƙwayoyin ATM suna da adadi 53 na tsawon, wanda ya hada da 48 bayanan bayanan bayanai da martabobi biyar na bayanin kai.
Kowane tantanin halitta ana sarrafa shi a lokacin su. Lokacin da aka gama ɗaya, hanya sai ta kira don tantanin halitta ta gaba. Wannan shi ya sa aka kira shi asynchronous ; babu wani daga cikinsu ya tafi a lokaci guda dangane da sauran kwayoyin.
Hakan zai iya zama haɓaka ta hanyar mai ba da sabis don yin sadaukarwa / tsararru mai tsabta ko za a sauya / kafa a kan buƙata sannan a ƙare a ƙarshen amfani.
Kwanan jimloli huɗin yawanci suna samuwa ga sabis na ATM: Bada Bit Rate, Ƙimar Bit Rate, Ƙayyadadden Rate Rate da Sauƙi Rate Rate (VBR) .
Ana nuna saurin ATM a matsayin nau'i na OC (Optical Carrier), wanda aka rubuta a matsayin "OC-xxx." Matakan aikin kamar 10 Gbps (OC-192) suna iya yiwuwa ta hanyar fasaha tare da ATM. Duk da haka, mafi yawan na ATM su 155 Mbps (OC-3) da 622 Mbps (OC-12).
Ba tare da aikewa ba tare da tsaka-tsakin jeri, ɗakunan sadarwa zasu iya sarrafawa a cikin ATM fiye da sauran fasaha kamar Ethernet. Babban farashi na ATM dangane da Ethernet yana daya daga cikin nauyin da ya ƙayyade adadin shi zuwa kashin baya da sauran manyan cibiyoyin sadarwa.
ATM mara waya
Cibiyar sadarwa mara waya tareda magungunan ATM ana kiransa mai hannu ATM ko ATM mara waya. An tsara irin wannan hanyar ATM don bada sadarwar wayar tafi-da-gidanka mai sauri.
Hakazalika da sauran fasaha mara waya, ana watsa shirye-shiryen ATM daga wani tashar tashar kuma an kai su zuwa ƙananan ƙafafunni inda mai amfani ATM ya yi aiki na motsi.
VoatM
Wata yarjejeniyar bayanan da take aikawa da murya, bidiyon da saitunan bayanai ta hanyar hanyar ATM ana kiran Muryar Maɓallin Yanayin Asynchronous (VoATM). Ya yi kama da VoIP amma ba ya amfani da yarjejeniyar IP kuma ya fi tsada don aiwatarwa.
Irin wannan hanyar zirga-zirgar murya an kwashe shi a cikin takardun AAL1 / AAL2 ATM.