Dangantakar Tsarin Sadarwar Sadarwar Dama
Shirin ƙididdigar Intanet (OSI) ya kasance muhimmin mahimmanci na tsarin sadarwa na kwamfuta tun lokacin da aka rantsar da shi a shekara ta 1984. OSI wata samfuri ce ta yadda hanyoyin sadarwa da kayan aiki zasu sadarwa da aiki tare (interoperate).
Ka'idar OSI ita ce fasaha ta fasaha wanda Ƙa'idar Tsarin Ƙasa ta Duniya (ISO) ta kiyaye. Kodayake fasaha na yau ba su cika da daidaituwa ba, har yanzu yana zama mai amfani ga gabatarwar cibiyar gine-gine.
Aiki na Model OSI
Ƙa'idar OSI ta raba aiki mai wuya na sadarwa ta kwamfuta da kwamfuta, wanda ake kira da intanet , a cikin jerin matakai da aka sani da lakabi . Ana yin sifofi a cikin tsarin OSI daga matakin mafi ƙasƙanci zuwa mafi girma. Tare, waɗannan yadudduka sun ƙunshi sashin OSI. Gurbin yana ƙunshe da layuka guda bakwai a kungiyoyi biyu:
Upper yadudduka:
- 7. aikace-aikace
- 6. gabatarwa
- 5. zaman
Lower yadudduka:
- 4. sufuri
- 3. cibiyar sadarwa
- 2. link link
- 1. jiki
Ƙananan Layer na Model na OSI
OSI ya bayyana aikace-aikacen, gabatarwar, da kuma lokuta na ɓangaren kwakwalwa a matsayi na sama . Kullum magana, software a cikin waɗannan shimfidu suna aiwatar da ayyuka na musamman-aikace kamar tsara bayanai, zane-zane, da haɗin haɗi.
Misalan fasaha na sama a cikin samfurin OSI sune HTTP , SSL , da NFS.
Ƙananan rassan samfurin OSI
Sauran ƙananan layin samfurin OSI sun samar da wasu ayyuka na cibiyar sadarwar da suka fi dacewa kamar tafiyarwa, magance, da kuma sarrafawa. Misalai na fasaha na Layer a cikin tsarin OSI sune TCP , IP , da Ethernet .
Amfanin OSI Model
Ta hanyar rarraba hanyoyin sadarwar sadarwa zuwa ƙananan ƙananan ƙira, tsarin OSI ya sauƙaƙa yadda yadda aka tsara ladabi na cibiyar sadarwa . An tsara samfurin OSI don tabbatar da nau'o'in kayan aiki (kamar masu haɗin cibiyar sadarwa, ɗakunan waya , da mawallafan ) duk zasu kasance jituwa ko da an gina su ta hanyar masana'antun daban. Wani samfurin daga mai sayar da kayan sadarwar cibiyar sadarwa wanda ke aiwatar da aikin OSI Layer 2, alal misali, zai iya yin hulɗa tare da samfurin OSI Layer 3 na kasuwa saboda abokan ciniki suna bin wannan samfurin.
Siffofin OSI kuma ya sa kayayyaki na cibiyar sadarwa sun fi dacewa a matsayin sababbin ladabi da wasu ayyuka na cibiyar sadarwa suna da sauƙi don ƙarawa a gine-gine masu layi fiye da wani abu mai ban mamaki.