Misalan Checksum, Amfani da Cases, da Calculators
Wani ƙari shine sakamakon aiwatar da algorithm, wanda ake kira aiki na rubutun kalmomi , a kan wani bayanan, yawanci guda fayil . Idan muka kwatanta ƙididdigar da kuka samo daga fayil ɗinku, tare da wanda aka samar da maɓallin fayil ɗin, zai taimaka wajen tabbatar da cewa kwafin fayil ɗin na gaskiya ne kuma marar kuskure.
Wani lokuta ana kiran wani tsarar kudi mai yawa kuma sau da yawa wani darajar hash, lambar hash , ko kawai hash .
A Simple Checksum Misali
Kwarewar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ko aiki mai ɗaukar hoto yana iya zama da wuya kuma ba zai yiwu ba ƙoƙari, amma muna so mu shawo kanka ba haka ba! Kayan kaya ba shi da wuyar fahimta ko kirkiro.
Bari mu fara da misali mai sauƙi, muna fatan za mu nuna ikon da aka samu don tabbatar da cewa wani abu ya canza. Ƙididdiga ta MD5 don magana mai zuwa ita ce jerin kalmomin da ke wakilci wannan jumla.
Wannan gwajin. 120EA8A25E5D487BF68B5F7096440019Don dalilanmu a nan, sun kasance daidai da juna. Duk da haka, yin mawuyacin canji, kamar cire lokacin kawai , zai haifar da ƙididdigar daban-daban:
Wannan gwajin CE114E4501D2F4E2DCEA3E17B546F339Kamar yadda kake gani, ko da sauyin canzawa a cikin fayil zai samar da tsararraki daban-daban, yana tabbatar da cewa ɗaya ba kamar sauran ba.
Yi amfani da Kasuwanci
Bari mu ce ka sauke babban ɗaukakawa, kamar saitin sabis , zuwa shirin da kake amfani dashi a kowace rana, kamar editan edita. Wannan mai yiwuwa babban fayil ne, shan minti kaɗan ko fiye don saukewa.
Da zarar an sauke shi, ta yaya kake san cewa fayil ya sauke yadda ya kamata? Mene ne idan an rage wasu ragu a lokacin saukewa kuma fayil din da ke da kwamfutarka yanzu ba daidai ba ne abin da aka yi nufi? Aiwatar da sabuntawa zuwa shirin da ba daidai ba yadda hanyar da mai kirkiro ya halitta zai iya haifar da babban matsaloli.
Wannan shi ne inda kwatanta kaya zai iya sa zuciyarka a hankali. Idan kake tunanin shafin yanar gizon da ka sauke fayil daga samar da bayanan kulawa tare da fayilolin da za a sauke, za ka iya amfani da lissafin ƙwaƙwalwar lissafi (duba Checksum Calculators a kasa) don samar da kaya daga fayil din da ka sauke.
Alal misali, ka ce shafin yanar gizon yana samar da mahimmanci MD5: 5a828ca5302b19ae8c7a66149f3e1e98 don fayil ɗin da ka sauke. Sai ku yi amfani da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwarku don samar da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ta yin amfani da wannan aikin aikin rubutun kalmomi, MD5 a cikin wannan misali, a kan fayil a kan kwamfutarka. Shin 'yan wasan na wasa? Mai girma! Zaka iya zama da tabbacin cewa fayiloli guda biyu suna da alaƙa.
Shin karnukan ba su dace ba? Wannan na iya nufin wani abu daga gaskiyar cewa wani ya maye gurbin saukewa tare da wani abu mara kyau ba tare da sanin ka ba, don dalilin da ya sa ka bude da canza fayil din, ko kuma haɗin cibiyar sadarwa ya katse kuma fayil ɗin bai gama gamawa ba. Yi kokarin sake sauke fayil ɗin sannan sannan ka kirkiro sabon labaran a kan sabon fayil sannan ka sake gwadawa.
Kayan tsafi yana da amfani don tabbatar da cewa fayil da ka sauke daga wani wuri ban da ainihin asalin shi ne, a gaskiya, fayil ɗin mai aiki kuma ba a canza ba, da ƙeta ko dai, daga ainihin. Kamar kwatanta hasken da ka ƙirƙiri tare da wanda yake samuwa daga asalin fayil ɗin.
Checksum Calculators
Masu bincike na Checksum sune kayan aikin da ake amfani da shi don lissafin tsafta. Akwai albashin lissafin lissafi a can, kowannensu yana tallafawa salo daban-daban na ayyuka na rubutun kalmomi.
Ɗayaccen mai ƙididdigewa mai kulawa kyauta shi ne Microsoft File Checksum Integrity Verifier, wanda ake kira fciv don takaice. Fciv tana goyan bayan aikin MD5 da SHA-1 ne kawai amma waɗannan sune mafi yawan shahara a yanzu.
Duba yadda za a tabbatar da amincin Fayil na Windows a cikin FCIV don cikakken koyawa. Fayil na Fayil na Checksum Integrity Verifier wani shiri ne na umurni amma yana da sauƙin amfani.
Wani kyauta mai mahimmanci mai kulawa don Windows shine IgorWare Hasher, kuma yana da ƙwaƙwalwa don haka ba dole ka shigar da wani abu ba. Idan ba ku da dadi tare da kayan aikin layi, wannan shirin shine mafi kyau zabi. Yana goyan bayan MD5 da SHA-1, da CRC32. Zaka iya amfani da IgorWare Hasher don neman samfurori na rubutu da fayiloli.
JDigest wata mahimmin bayani ne mai mahimmanci wanda yake aiki a Windows da MacOS da Linux.
Lura: Tun da ba duk masu kididdiga na lissafi sun goyi bayan duk ayyukan aiki na rubutun kalmomi ba, tabbatar da cewa duk wani ƙirar lissafi wanda ka zaɓa ya yi amfani da goyan bayan aikin da ya haifar da kundin da yake tare da fayil ɗin da kake saukewa.