Sunan
utmp, wtmp - rikodin shiga
Synopsis
#include
Bayani
Fayil mai amfani yana ba da damar samun bayani game da wanda ke amfani da tsarin yanzu. Akwai wasu masu amfani a yanzu suna amfani da tsarin, saboda ba duk shirye-shiryen suna amfani da shi ba.
Gargaɗi: Yau ba dole ba ne ya zama mai kyau, saboda yawancin shirye-shiryen tsarin (basira) ya dogara ne akan amincinta. Kuna barazanar lalata tsarin fayiloli da gyare-tsaren fayilolin tsarin idan kun bar amfani da kowane mai amfani.
Fayil din shine jerin shigarwa tare da tsarin da aka tsara a cikin fayilolin da suka hada da fayil (sanarwa cewa wannan ɗaya ne kawai daga ma'anoni daban-daban a kusa da, bayanan ya dangana da sigar libc):
#define UT_UNKNOWN 0 #define RUN_LVL 1 #define BOOT_TIME 2 #define NEW_TIME 3 #define OLD_TIME 4 #define INIT_PROCESS 5 #define LOGIN_PROCESS 6 #define USER_PROCESS 7 #define DEAD_PROCESS 8 #define Sakamakon 9 #define UT_LINESIZ 12 #define UT_NAMESIZE 32 #define UT_HOSTSIZE 256 tsari exit_status {gajeren gajeren e_termination; / * matsayi na ƙarshe. * / gajeren gajeren e_exit; / * tsari fita fita. * /}; Tsarin amfani {short ut_type; / * irin login * / pid_t ut_pid; / * tabbacin hanyar shiga * / char ut_line [UT_LINESIZE]; / * sunan na'urar tty - "/ dev /" * / ca ut_id [4]; / * init id ko abbrev. ttyname * / char ut_user [UT_NAMESIZE]; / * sunan mai amfani * / ca ut_host [UT_HOSTSIZE]; / * sunan mai masauki don nesa mai shiga * / tsarin exit_status ut_exit; / * Matsayin fita daga tsarin da aka yi alama a matsayin DEAD_PROCESS. * / dogon lokaci; / * ID na zaman, da ake amfani dashi don windowing * / tsarin timeval ut_tv; / * an shigar da lokacin shiga. * / int32_t ut_addr_v6 [4]; / * Adireshin IP na m host. * / ca pad [20]; / * An ajiye shi don yin amfani da shi a nan gaba. * /}; / * Backwards haɓaka hacks. * / #define ut_name ut_user #ifndef _NO_UT_TIME #define ut_time ut_tv.tv_sec #endif #define ut_xtime ut_tv.tv_sec #define ut_addr ut_addr_v6 [0]Wannan tsari yana ba da sunan fayil na musamman wanda ke hade da mai amfani, sunan mai amfani da mai amfani, da kuma lokacin shiga cikin lokaci (2). An kashe shinge na '\ 0' idan sun kasance guntu fiye da girman filin.
Na farko shigarwar da aka halitta haifar da init (8) aiki inittab (5). Kafin a shigar da shigarwa, ko da yake, init (8) ya wanke amfani ta hanyar kafa ut_type zuwa DEAD_PROCESS , sharewa ut_user , ut_host , da ut_time tare da maɓuɓɓuka maras amfani ga kowane rikodin wanda ut_type ba DEAD_PROCESS ko RUN_LVL ba inda babu wani tsari tare da PID ut_pid akwai. Idan ba a sami rikodin maras amfani tare da ut_id da ake buƙata ba, init halitta sabon abu. Yana saita ut_id daga inittab, ut_pid da ut_time zuwa dabi'u na yanzu, kuma ut_type zuwa INIT_PROCESS .
samfurin (8) gano wuri da shigarwa ta hanyar murda, canza ut_type zuwa LOGIN_PROCESS , canza ut_time , saita hoton , kuma yana jira don haɗi don kafa. shiga (8), bayan an yi amfani da mai amfani, canza ut_type zuwa USER_PROCESS , canza ut_time , kuma ya kafa ut_host da ut_addr . Dangane da samowa (8) da kuma shiga (8), ana iya samun lakabi ta ut_line a maimakon mafi ƙaunar ut_pid .
A lokacin da init (8) ya ga cewa tsari ya fita, sai ya samo asali ta ut_pid , ya kafa ut_type zuwa DEAD_PROCESS , kuma ya kare ut_user , ut_host da ut_time tare da bytes.
xterm (1) da wasu masu amfani da ƙananan lambobin sadarwa suna ƙirƙirar rikodin USER_PROCESS kuma suna samar da ut_id ta amfani da haruffa biyu na ƙarshe / dev / ttyp % c ko ta amfani da p % d don / dev / pts / % d . Idan sun sami DEAD_PROCESS don wannan id, sun sake maimaita shi, in ba haka ba sun kirkiro sabon shigarwa ba. Idan za su iya, za su yi alama a matsayin DEAD_PROCESS a kan fitarwa kuma an shawarta cewa suna warware ut_line , ut_time , ut_user , da ut_host .
xdm (8) bai kamata ya ƙirƙiri rikodin rikodin ba, saboda babu matsayi wanda aka sanya. Bar shi ya haifar da wani abu zai haifar da kurakurai, kamar "yatsa: ba zai iya yin st /dev/machine.dom" ba. Ya kamata haifar da shigarwar wtmp, duk da haka, kamar ftpd (8) yayi.
telnetd (8) ya kafa LOGIN_PROCESS shigarwa kuma ya bar sauran su shiga (8) kamar yadda aka saba. Bayan taron telnet ya ƙare, telnetd (8) yana wankewa cikin hanyar da aka bayyana.
Fayil na wtmp ya rubuta duk abin da ke ciki da kuma sanarwa. Tsarinsa daidai yake kamar utmp sai dai sunan mai amfani maras amfani yana nuna alamar shafi akan mahaɗin da ke hade. Bugu da ƙari kuma, sunan mai suna "~" tare da sunan mai amfani "kashewa" ko "sake yi" yana nuna tsarin ƙuntatawa ko sake yi da maƙalar sunaye "|" / "}" yana rubuta tsohon / sabon tsarin lokacin lokacin da ranar (1) ya canza shi. Wtmp ana kiyaye shi ta hanyar shiga (1), init (1), da kuma wasu sifofin samun (1). Babu waɗannan shirye-shiryen da ke ƙirƙira fayil , don haka idan an cire shi, an kashe rikodin.