Juyin Halitta Mai Ruwa: HEPS, EPS, da Steer-by-Wire
Mai sarrafa wutar lantarki yana da kyau, amma fasahar da aka gina a kan ya kasance na dogon lokaci. A gaskiya ma, jagorancin wutar lantarki ya kasance kamar yadda motar ke motsa, kuma ana amfani da manyan motoci tare da tsarin asali a farkon 1903, amma ba a miƙa shi a matsayin wani zaɓi na OEM ba har zuwa 1950. Kayan fasaha yana da yawa a yau saboda haɗinsa a matsayin kayan aiki na musamman a kusan dukkanin motoci da motoci, amma ya kasance na zaɓi a cikin ƙananan farashi, ƙananan motoci a cikin shekarun 1980 da 1990.
Manufar jagorancin wutar lantarki shine don rage adadin kokarin da yake buƙatar direba ya jagoranci. Wannan ya kasance ta al'ada ta hanyar amfani da wutar lantarki, wadda za a iya haifar da kullun da aka yi da bel wanda ya tashi daga juyawa na injin. Duk da haka, fasahar ta samo asali na sababbin abubuwa da sabuntawa tun lokacin da aka fara bayyana a matsayin wani zaɓi na OEM a cikin shekarun 1950.
Na farko babban haɓakawa ga shugabancin wutar lantarki mai kula da wutar lantarki wanda ya ga duk wani nauyin da ya dace shi ne jagoran wutar lantarki. Duk da haka, wannan fasaha ya fi sauya maye gurbin ta hanyar jagorancin wutar lantarki. Kuma yayin da masu sarrafa motoci ke miƙa motocin wutar lantarki, wasu OEM suna aiki tare da tsarin sakonni yayin da suke turawa zuwa ƙananan motocin motsi.
Gidan Harkokin Gidan Hanya Kayan lantarki
Mai sarrafa motar lantarki (EHPS) wani fasaha ne wanda ke aiki kamar dai yadda jagorancin wutar lantarki na lantarki yake. Bambanci tsakanin fasaha biyu ya kasance akan yadda ake samar da karfin iska. Inda tsarin gargajiya ke haifar da matsa lamba tare da fitilar bel, mai amfani da wutar lantarki mai amfani da lantarki yana amfani da motar lantarki. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan amfani da wutar lantarki mai amfani da wutar lantarki shi ne cewa lantarki na lantarki ba dole ba ne ya rasa iko lokacin da aka rufe injin, wadda ke da alama cewa wasu motoci masu amfani da makamashi sunyi amfani da su.
Gidan wutar lantarki
Ba kamar tsarin lantarki da lantarki ba, mai kula da wutar lantarki (EPS) ba ta amfani da kowane irin nauyin hawan na lantarki don samar da taimakon kai tsaye. Fasaha yana da cikakkiyar lantarki, saboda haka yana amfani da motar lantarki don samar da taimakon kai tsaye. Tun da babu wani ƙarfin da ya ɓacewa da samar da wutar lantarki, waɗannan tsarin sun fi dacewa fiye da ko dai sarkin lantarki ko sarkin lantarki.
Dangane da tsarin EPS na musamman, an saka motar lantarki ko dai a gefen jagora ko kai tsaye zuwa gear motar. Ana amfani da na'urori masu aunawa don ƙayyade yawan ƙarfin motsa jiki, sannan ana amfani da shi don haka direba kawai yayi ƙoƙari don juyawa dabaran. Wasu tsare-tsaren suna da saitattun saitunan da suka bambanta adadin jagorancin taimakawa da aka samar da ita, wasu kuma suna aiki a kan madaidaiciya madaidaiciya.
Yawancin OEM suna bayar da EPS akan ɗaya ko fiye da samfurin su.
Steer-by-Wire
Duk da yake tsarin wutar lantarki yana cire na'urar ta lantarki yayin da yake riƙe da haɗin kai na gargajiya, ma'anar sakonni na gaskiya kuma ya kawar da haɗin kai tsaye. Wadannan tsarin suna amfani da motar lantarki don juya ƙafafun, masu aunawa don sanin yawancin motsin jagora don amfani da su, da kuma jagorancin motsin kai don samar da amsa mai kyau ga direba.
An yi amfani da fasaha ta hanyar fasaha a wasu kayan aiki masu nauyi, kayan aiki, kayan aiki na gaba, da sauran aikace-aikacen da suka dace kamar wani lokaci, amma har yanzu yana da sabon sabon abu ga tsarin mota. Masu kamuwa da kamfanoni kamar GM da Mazda sunyi fasalin motocin motsa jiki a baya da suka rabu da haɗin gwanin gargajiya, amma mafi yawan OEM sun kiyaye fasahar samar da kayayyaki.
Nissan ta sanar a ƙarshen 2012 cewa zai zama na farko na OEM don samar da fasaha a cikin samfurin samarwa, kuma an sanar da tsarin tsarin kula da kai na Independent don shekara ta 2014. Duk da haka, har ma wannan tsarin yana riƙe da kayan aiki na tsarin jagorancin al'ada. Har ila yau, haɗin da kuma shafi sun kasance a can, ko da yake an rushe su a yayin amfani da ta al'ada. Manufar da ke cikin irin wannan tsari ita ce, idan tsarin sashin-waya ya kasa, ma'aurata zasu iya shiga don samar da direba tare da iyawar amfani da haɗin gwanon don jagoranci.
Tare da wasu na'urorin fasaha ta waya ta hanyar waya, kamar wayoyin hannu da na'urorin lantarki , waya mai mahimmanci abu ne mai mahimmanci a motocin motsa jiki.