Ta yaya Can Canja daga 32 zuwa 64-bits Ƙara Kayan Gida?
Gabatarwar
A wannan lokaci, duk kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka da kwamfyutoci na kwakwalwa sun canza daga na'urori 32-bit zuwa 64-bit. Ko da yake wannan shi ne lamarin, wasu kwakwalwa suna da siffofi 32-bit na Windows waɗanda ke da wasu abubuwan a kan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar da za su iya samun dama. Har yanzu akwai wasu na'urori masu ƙarancin motsi masu ƙananan ƙarewa waɗanda suke amfani da 32-bit ko da yake dalilin da ya sa software ɗin yana samuwa.
Babban yankin inda aikin 32-bit da 64-bit aiki shi ne ainihin batun da ya haɗa da masu sarrafa kwamfutar hannu . Mafi yawan wayoyin tafi-da-gidanka da labaran yanzu suna amfani da na'urori 32-bit. Wannan shi ne mahimmanci saboda sun kasance sun fi dacewa idan sun dace da amfani da wutar lantarki da kuma kayan aiki an riga an iyakance ta girman. Duk da haka, na'urorin bitar 64-bit sun zama na kowa don haka yana da kyakkyawan fahimtar fahimtar yadda masu sarrafawa 32-bit da 64-bit zasu iya tasiri kwarewar kwamfutarka.
Fahimtar Bits
Duk masu sarrafawa na kwamfutar sun dogara ne akan mathematical binary saboda transistors wanda ke tattare da semiconductors a cikin kwakwalwan kwamfuta. Don sanya abubuwa a cikin mahimmanci kalmomin, wani bit shine guda 1 ko 0 ko dai an adana shi a kan sarrafawa ta hanyar transistor. Dukkan masu sarrafawa ana kiran su ta hanyar sarrafa bit. Ga mafi yawan na'urori masu sarrafawa a yanzu, wannan 64-ragowa ne amma ga wasu, ana iya iyakance shi kawai zuwa 32-bits. To, me ake nufi ma'anar bit?
Wannan sharuddan mai sarrafawa yana ƙayyade lambar lamba mafi yawa wanda mai sarrafawa zai iya ɗaukar. Mafi yawan lambar da za a iya sarrafawa a cikin sake zagayowar sake zagayowar zai zama daidai da 2 zuwa ikon (ko mai bayyana) na bit rating. Saboda haka, mai sarrafawa 32-bit zai iya rike lamba zuwa 2 32 ko kimanin biliyan 4.3. Duk wani lambar da ya fi haka zai bukaci fiye da ɗaya agogon sake zagayowar don aiwatarwa. Mai sarrafa bitar 64-bit, a gefe guda, zai iya rike da lamba daga 2'64 ko kimanin 18.4 quintillion (18,400,000,000,000,000). Wannan yana nufin cewa mai sarrafa bitar 64-bit zai iya yin amfani da lissafin lissafi mai yawa. Yanzu masu sarrafawa ba kawai yin math ba ne kawai amma sautin da ya fi tsayi yana nufin yana iya kammala umarnin da aka ci gaba a cikin ƙwayar sake zagaye guda maimakon maimakon rabuwa cikin ƙidodi.
Saboda haka, idan kuna da masu sarrafawa guda biyu masu gudana a daidai lokacin da aka ba da gudunmawar irin wannan tsari, mai sarrafa bitar 64-bit zai iya zama daidai sau biyu a matsayin mai sauƙi 32-bit. Wannan ba gaskiya ba ne saboda kowane tsarin zagaye na kowane lokaci ba dole ba ne ya yi amfani da dukkan raguwa a cikin wani wucewa amma duk lokacin da ya fi 32, 64 bit zai dauki rabin lokaci don wannan umurni.
Ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya shine Mažalli
Ɗaya daga cikin wasu abubuwa waɗanda shafi bitar mai sarrafawa ya shafa daidai shine adadin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya wanda tsarin zai iya tallafawa da samun dama. Bari mu dubi tsarin yau da yau 32-bit na yau. A halin yanzu masu sarrafawa 32 da bitar tsarin aiki zasu iya tallafawa duka 4 gigabytes na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya a kwamfuta. Daga cikin 4 gigabytes na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, tsarin aiki zai iya ƙayyade 2 gigabytes na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya zuwa aikace-aikacen da aka ba su.
Wannan yana da mahimmanci idan ya zo kwamfutar tafi- da -gidanka da kuma kwamfutar kwakwalwa . Wannan shi ne saboda suna da damar yin amfani da shirye-shirye da kuma aikace-aikace masu hadari ba tare da fadin sararin samaniya don masu sarrafawa ba. Masu sarrafa waya, a gefe guda, suna da iyakaccen sarari kuma suna da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya a cikin mai sarrafawa. A sakamakon haka, har ma masu sarrafawa na karshen ƙarshen wayoyin hannu da Allunan suna da kawai 2GB na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya don haka ba zai isa iyakar 4GB ba.
Me yasa hakan yake? To, yawan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ya tasiri ƙananan ƙwayar shirin. Mafi yawan ƙananan launi da wayoyin ba su da damar aiwatar da aikace-aikace masu hadari kamar Photoshop . Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa kamfani kamar Adobe ya sanya wasu aikace-aikacen da ke da nau'o'i daban-daban na shirin PC wanda ya fi rikitarwa. Ta amfani da na'ura mai sarrafa 32-bit tare da ƙuntatawar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, ba zai taɓa samun daidaituwa irin wannan ba wanda cikakken komfuta yana iya.
Mene ne CPU 64-bit ba tare da OS 64-bit?
Ya zuwa yanzu muna magana ne game da damar masu sarrafawa bisa ga gine-gine, amma akwai babban mahimmanci da za a yi a nan. Cikakken amfani da mai sarrafawa yana da kyau kamar yadda aka rubuta software don shi. Gudun mai sarrafa bitar 64-bit tare da tsarin aiki na 32-bit zai kawo ƙarshen ɓata yawan adadin sarrafawa mai sarrafawa. Tsarin aiki na 32-bit kawai zai yi amfani da rabi na rijista na mai sarrafawa don haka ƙayyade ikon sarrafawa. Har ila yau har yanzu yana da dukkan ƙuntatawa akan shi cewa mai sarrafawa 32-bit yana da tsarin OS daya.
Wannan shi ne ainihin babban matsala. Yawancin gyare-gyare na gine-ginen kamar masu sarrafa kwakwalwa 64 suna buƙatar sabbin shirye-shirye na gaba ɗaya don a rubuta musu. Wannan babban matsala ne ga duka masu ƙera kayan aiki da masu yin amfani da software. Kamfanonin software ba sa so su rubuta sabon software har sai hardware ya fita don tallafawa tallan tallan su. Tabbas, masu ƙwarewa baza su iya sayar da samfurin su ba sai dai akwai software don tallafawa shi. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin manyan dalilan da ya sa CPUs na kamfanoni irin su IA-64 Itanium daga Intel suna da matsala. Babu ƙananan software da aka rubuta don ginewa da jigilar ta 32-bit don gudanar da tsarin aiki na yau da kullum ya rushe CPU.
To, ta yaya AMD da Apple suke fuskantar wannan matsala? Apple ya fara karawa 64-bit faci don tsarin aiki. Wannan yana ƙara ƙarin goyon bayan, amma har yanzu yana gudana a kan OS 32-bit. AMD ta ɗauki hanya daban. Ya tsara na'ura mai sarrafawa don sarrafa tsarin tsarin aiki na x86 na 32-bit sa'annan ya kara ƙarin rijista 64-bit. Wannan yana ba da damar mai sarrafawa don gudanar da code 32-bit yadda ya kamata a matsayin mai sarrafa kwamfuta 32-bit, amma tare da sassan 64-bit na yanzu ko Linux ko Windows XP 64 mai zuwa zai amfani da cikakken aiki na CPU.
Shin Lokaci na Dama na Ƙididdiga 64-bit?
Amsar wannan tambaya ita ce a'a ko a'a. Kamfanin yana kai ga iyakokin komfuta na 32-bit don yawancin kasuwa mafi girma na kasuwa na kwamfuta kamar kamfanoni da masu amfani da wutar lantarki. Idan kwakwalwa su kara yawan gudu da kuma sarrafawa, to lallai ya kamata a yi tsalle zuwa ga masu sarrafawa na gaba. Waɗannan su ne tsarin da ke buƙatar yawan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da ƙididdiga masu yawan gaske waɗanda zasu sami amfanin kai tsaye na dandamali 64-bit.
Masu amfani su ne batun daban. Mafi yawan ayyukan da yawancin mabukaci ke yi akan komfuta sun fi cikakke a rufe da ɗakunan 32-bit na yanzu. A ƙarshe, masu amfani za su kai ga ma'anar inda canzawa zuwa kwamfuta 64-bit zai zama ma'ana, amma a halin yanzu ba haka ba. Yaya yawancin masu amfani da su a can za su iya samun 4 gigabytes na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya a tsarin kwamfuta har ma a cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa?
Abubuwan da ke amfani da na'ura mai amfani da 64-bit zasu haifar dasu ga masu amfani. Masu sarrafawa da masu kwaskwarimar software kamar iyakance nau'o'in samfurori da suke da su don tallafawa don gwadawa da rage farashin. Saboda wannan, za su mayar da hankali kawai akan samar da kayan aiki da software na 64-bit. Har sai wannan lokacin, zai zama babban motsi ga wadanda suka zaba su zama farkon kafa.