Ma'anar: ARP (Resolution Protocol Protocol) ya sauya adireshin Intanet (IP) zuwa adireshin cibiyar sadarwa ta jiki. Cibiyoyin IP tare da wadanda ke gudana akan Ethernet da Wi-Fi na buƙatar ARP don yin aiki.
Tarihi da Manufar ARP
An kafa ARP ne a farkon shekarun 1980s a matsayin wata hanyar fassara fassarar adireshin duniyar IP. Bayan Ethernet da Wi-Fi, An kuma aiwatar da ARP don ATM , Token Ring , da sauran nau'in hanyar sadarwa ta jiki.
ARP ba da damar sadarwar cibiyar sadarwa don gudanar da haɗin kai na haɗin na'urar da aka haɗe a kowannensu. Wannan ya sa yanar-gizon Intanit yayi aiki da kyau fiye da idan ya gudanar da adireshin kowane nau'i na kayan aiki da kuma hanyoyin sadarwa na kanta.
Ta yaya ARP ke aiki
ARP yana aiki a Layer 2 a tsarin OSI . An aiwatar da goyon baya na layinin aiki a cikin masu sarrafa na'ura na tsarin sadarwa . Intanit RFC 826 takardun fasaha na fasaha tare da tsarin tsarin saiti da kuma aikin aikace-aikace da kuma saƙonnin amsawa
ARP yana aiki akan cibiyoyin sadarwa na zamani da Wi-Fi kamar haka:
- Ana samar da adaftar cibiyar sadarwa tare da adireshin jiki wanda aka sanya a cikin hardware da ake kira Adireshin Rarraba Ƙungiyar Matsalar (MAC) . Masu sarrafawa suna kula don tabbatar da wadannan adiresoshin 6-byte (48-bit) na musamman, kamar yadda IP ke dogara akan waɗannan ƙididdiga na musamman don sadarwar saƙon.
- Idan duk wani na'ura yana so ya aika da bayanai zuwa wani na'urar da aka yi niyya, dole ne ya fara ƙayyade adreshin MAC na wannan manufa da aka ba adireshin IP ɗin Wadannan adireshin adireshin IP-to-MAC suna samuwa daga wani caji na ARP da aka kiyaye akan kowace na'urar.
- Idan adireshin IP ɗin da aka bayar ba ya bayyana a cikin cache na na'urar ba, wannan na'urar ba zata iya tura saƙonni zuwa wannan manufa har sai ya sami sabon taswira. Don yin wannan, na'urar farawa ta fara aika sako na watsa shirye-shirye na ARP a kan yankin na gida. Mai watsa shiri tare da adireshin IP ɗin da aka ba shi ya aika da amsa ta ARP don amsawa ga faɗakarwar, yana barin na'urar farawa don sabunta cache da kuma ci gaba da aika saƙonni kai tsaye zuwa manufa.
Kuskuren ARP da Reverse ARP
An ƙaddamar da yarjejeniyar hanyar sadarwa mai suna RARP (RASC ta juya baya) a cikin shekarun 1980 don a karfafa ARP. Kamar yadda sunansa yana nufin, RARP ya yi aiki na musamman na ARP, yana juyawa daga adiresoshin hanyar sadarwar jiki ga adiresoshin IP da aka ba wa waɗannan na'urori. RARP ya zama tsofaffi daga DHCP kuma baya amfani dasu.
Wani yarjejeniyar da ake kira Averse ARP yana goyan bayan aikin yin taswirar adireshin baya. Ƙarfar ARP ba ta amfani dashi a kan Ethernet ko Wi-Fi mahallin ko da yake ana iya samun wani lokaci a wasu nau'ikan.
Gratuit ARP
Don inganta yadda ARP ke aiki, wasu cibiyoyin sadarwa da na'urorin sadarwa suna amfani da hanyar hanyar sadarwa da aka kira ARP kyauta inda na'urar ta watsa labarai da aka buƙata ta ARP ga dukan hanyar sadarwa na gida don sanar da wasu na'urori na wanzuwarsa.