Shafukan Ayyuka na Linux suna Kasuwancin Sanannun
Ƙungiyoyin tsarin UNIX sun adana abin da ake kira fayilolin sabis a / sauransu / ayyuka. Yana adana bayanai game da ayyuka da dama wanda aikace-aikacen abokan ciniki zasu yi amfani da su akan kwamfutar. A cikin fayil ɗin sunan sunan sabis ne, lambar tashar jiragen ruwa da yarjejeniyar da take amfani dashi, da duk sunayen da aka dace.
Ana tsara tashar tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa takamaiman ayyuka da yawa kamar fayilolin mai amfani a kan kwakwalwar Windows sun tsara sunan mai masauki zuwa adireshin IP . Duk da haka, aikin UNIX tsarin ayyukan ba ya haɗa da adiresoshin IP amma a maimakon bayanin kamar ko sabis ne TCP ko UDP kuma abin da aka saba amfani da shi zai iya tafiya.
Za a iya amfani da editan rubutu mai sauƙi don gyara fayilolin / sauransu / ayyuka, kamar Vim ko Kate.
Misali na fayil na Ayyukan UNIX
A kan UNIX, babban mahimmancin aikin fayil din / sauransu / ayyuka shine saboda shirye-shirye na iya yin sunan mai saƙo () saskoki kira a cikin lambar su don fahimtar tashar jiragen ruwa da ya kamata su yi. Misali, adireshin imel na POP3 zai yi wani sunan faɗakarwa (POP3) don dawo da lamba 110 da POP3 ke gudana.
Ma'anar ita ce idan duk PAM3 daemons suna amfani da sunan sa-sunan shiga (), to, komai komai POP3 da kake gudana, zaka iya sake saita lambar tashar jiragen ruwa ta hanyar gyara / sauransu / ayyuka.
Lura: Ba abin dogara ba ne don amfani da fayilolin sabis don gano abin da tashar tashar jiragen ruwa ke nufi. Idan kana son gano abin da shirye-shirye na tashar jiragen ruwa ke amfani da ita, ya kamata ka yi amfani da shirin lsof don gano ainihin kogin da ake ɗaukar su. Idan yunkurin gudu bai dace ba, to, ya kamata ka binciki tashar jiragen ruwa a cikin wani tunani mai zurfi.
Duk fayiloli na fayiloli sun bi daidai wannan ladabi na:
sunan tashar tashar jiragen ruwa / yarjejeniyar da aka ambataDuk da haka, wani alƙawari da sharhi don kowane shigarwar bayanai ba lallai ba ne, kamar yadda kake gani a cikin wannan misali ayyuka fayil:
$ cat / sauransu / ayyuka # # Copyright 2008 Sun Microsystems, Inc. Duk haƙƙin mallaka. # Amfani yana ƙarƙashin lasisi lasisi. # #ident "@ (#) sabis 1.34 08/11/19 SMI" # # Ayyuka na Intanet, Hanyoyin Intanit # tcpmux 1 / tcp echo 7 / tcp echo 7 / udp discard 9 / tcp nutse null discard 9 / udp sink null systat 11 / tcp masu amfani rana 13 / tcp rana 13 / udp netstat 15 / tcp chargen 19 / tcp ttytst source chargen 19 / udp ttytst tushen ftp-data 20 / tcp ftp 21 / tcp ssh 22 / tcp # Secure Shell telnet 23 / tcp smtp 25 / tcp mail time 37 / tcp timserver lokaci 37 / udp timserver sunan 42 / udp nameserver wandais 43 / tcp nicname # yawanci zuwa sri-nic swat 901 / tcp # Samba Yanar gizo Adm.Tool sabis 6481 / udp servicetag 6481 / tcp snmpd 161 / udp snmp # SMA snmp daemon $