Tun da farko wannan shekarar ka yi rangadin GPIO na Rasberi kuma ya ba da shawarar wasu kaya masu amfani da su don gano nau'in lambobi. A yau muna ci gaba da wannan batu kuma fara amfani da waɗannan alaƙa tare da code da hardware.
GPIO ita ce yadda rasberi Pi ke magana zuwa duniyar waje - "abubuwa na ainihi" - ta yin amfani da lambar don shirya siginar da kuma sauyawa zuwa kuma daga maɓallin 40-pin.
Coding tare da GPIO yana da mahimmanci sauƙi don farawa da, musamman don ayyukan farawa irin su LEDs da buzzers. Tare da kawai abubuwa da wasu 'yan layi na code za ka iya haskaka ko filashi wani LED a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikinka.
Wannan labarin zai nuna maka abin da kake bukata don haskaka wani LED ta amfani da Python code a kan rasberi Pi, ta yin amfani da hanyar 'RPi.GPIO' ta al'ada.
01 na 04
Abin da Kake Bukata
Ga jerin abubuwan da za ku buƙaci don wannan aikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. Ya kamata ku sami waɗannan abubuwa a cikin kantin sayar da kayan da kuka fi so ko shafukan yanar gizon kan layi.
- Ayyukan Pi na Raspberry suna gudana sabon Raspbian (Pi, allon, keyboard, linzamin kwamfuta, iko, katin SD - duk an haɗa shi)
- Ƙananan kwalliya
- A 5mm LED
- A 330 ohm resistor
- 2 namiji da mata na jumper
02 na 04
Ƙirƙiri Ƙungiyar - Mataki na 1
Za mu yi amfani da 2 GPIO don wannan aikin, wani shinge na kasa (naman jiki 39) don kafa ƙasa na LED, da kuma GPIO (GPIO 21, jiki na jiki 40) don ƙarfafa LED - amma kawai lokacin da mun yanke shawara - wanda shine inda code ya shiga.
Da farko dai, kashe Kayan Ras. Yanzu, ta yin amfani da wayoyi masu maƙalli, haɗa haɗin ƙasa zuwa wani layi a kan kwandon ku. Kusa da haka don GPIO fil, a haɗa zuwa wata hanya daban.
03 na 04
Ƙirƙiri Ƙungiyar - Mataki na 2
Gaba mu ƙara LED da tsayayya zuwa kewaye.
LEDs suna da polarity - ma'anar dole ne a haɗa su ta wata hanya. Yawancin lokaci suna da tsayi fiye da kafa wanda ke da kafa (tabbatacciyar) kafa, kuma yawancin maɗaukaki ne a kan maɓallin filastin LED wadda ke nuna magungunan cathode (korau).
An yi amfani da tsayayya don kare duka LED daga karɓar karbar yawancin yanzu, kuma GPIO ta share daga 'bada' da yawa - wanda zai iya lalata duka biyu.
Akwai wani bit of rating resistance resistance domin misali LEDs - 330ohm. Akwai wasu maths a bayan haka, amma yanzu bari mu mayar da hankalin akan aikin - zaka iya yin la'akari da dokoki maras kyau da wasu batutuwa masu biyo bayan haka.
Haɗa ɗaya kafa daga cikin tsayayyar zuwa ginin GND a kan kwandon kuɗin, da kuma sauran ƙarancin kafa zuwa layin da aka haɗa zuwa ƙananan ƙafa na LED.
Dogayen kafa na LED a yanzu yana bukatar shiga cikin layin da aka haɗa zuwa GPIO.
04 04
Python GPIO Code (RPi.GPIO)
A wannan lokacin muna da hanyar da aka shirya ta hanyar dubawa kuma muna shirye mu tafi, amma ba mu gaya mana GPIO don aika fitar da duk wani iko ba, don haka LED ba za ta kasance ba.
Bari mu yi fayil ɗin Python don gaya mana GPIO don aika fitar da wani iko don 5 seconds sai ka dakatar. Saurin Raspbian na karshe za su sami ɗakunan karatu na GPIO da suka rigaya sun rigaya.
Bude taga mai haske kuma ƙirƙirar sabon rubutun Python ta shigar da umurnin da ke biyewa:
sudo nano led1.pyWannan zai bude fayiloli mara kyau don mu shigar da lambarmu. Shigar da layin da ke ƙasa:
#! / usr / bin / python # Shigo da ɗakunan karatu da muke buƙatar shigar da RPi.GPIO kamar yadda GPIO ya shigo lokaci # Saita yanayin GPIO GPIO.setmode (GPIO.BCM) # Saita lambar lambobin GPIO LED = 21 # Saita GPIO LED a matsayin fitarwa GPIO.setup (LED, GPIO.OUT) # Juya GPIO akan GPIO.putput (LED, Gaskiya) # Jira 5 seconds lokaci barci (5) # Juya GPIO rarraba GPIO.output (LED, False)Danna Ctrl + X don adana fayil ɗin. Don tafiyar da fayil ɗin, shigar da umurnin nan a cikin m kuma latsa shigar:
sudo python led1.pyDama ya haskaka don 5 seconds sannan kashe, ƙare shirin.
Don me yasa kayi kokarin sauya lambar 'kwanciyar rana' don haskaka LED a lokuta daban-daban, ko gwada canza 'GPIO.output (LED, Gaskiya)' ga 'GPIO.output (LED, False)' kuma ga abin da ya faru?