01 na 05
Mene ne Polygon?
Polygons su biyu ne
A cikin lissafin hoto, polygon shine nau'i nau'i nau'i biyu :
- An yi da layi uku ko fiye
- An rufe - babu bude ko karya a siffar
- Yana da nau'i-nau'i na layin da ke haɗawa a kusurwa ko a cikin shimfidawa inda suke kafa angles
- Hakanan yana da nau'i na ƙungiya da kusurwa na ciki (kusurwa a cikin polygon)
(Tsakanin biyu yana nufin lebur - kamar takarda)
Duk Girkanci ne
Sunan polygon ya fito ne daga kalmomin Helenanci biyu:
- poly - ma'anar "mutane da yawa"
- gon nufin "kwana"
Siffofin da suke da Polygons
- Triangles
- Squares
- Pentagons
- Octagons
- Dodecagons - irin su jinsin Jamaican 12 mai suna a hoton da ke sama
Siffofin da Ba Su Da Polygons
- Da'irar - saboda an haɗa shi da layi mai layi maimakon madaidaiciya layi
- Akwatin ko kwalliya - saboda girman nau'i uku ne ba nau'i biyu ba
02 na 05
Yin Namar Polygons
Sunayen Lambobi
Ana kiran sunayen polygons mutum daga yawan ɓangarori da / ko kusurwar ciki da siffar ta mallaka.
(Ta hanyar, adadin kusurwar ciki - kusoshi a cikin siffar - dole ne a daidaita daidai yawan tarnaƙi).
Rubutun sunaye na yawancin polygons suna da rubutun Girkanci don yawan kusoshi da aka haɗa da kalmar Helenanci don kwana (gon).
Sabili da haka, sunayen mutane biyar da shida na yau da kullum sune:
- penta (ma'anar Helenanci biyar) + gon = pentagon
- hexa (ma'anar Helenanci shida) + gon = hexagon
A Ban
Akwai, ba shakka, bambance ga wannan tsari. Yawanci:
Triangle- yana amfani da prefix na Helenanci Tri, amma a maimakon Helenanci gon, ana amfani da kusurwar Latin. ( Raƙan da ake kira su trigons).
Gida - an samo daga quadri na farko na Latin - ma'ana huɗu - a haɗe zuwa kalma a gefe - wanda ma'anar kalmar Latin ce .
Wani lokaci, polygon mai gefe guda hudu ana kiransa a quadrangle ko tetragon .
n-gons
Polygons tare da fiye da goma tarnaƙi da kuma angles akwai, kuma wasu suna da sunayen sunaye - irin su 100 gefe h ectogon .
Tun da yake suna fuskantar ciwo da yawa, duk da haka, ana ba su suna da yawa wanda ya haɗa yawan ɓangarori da kusassai zuwa ga maƙasudin magana don kwana - gon .
Don haka, an yi amfani da polygon mai gefe guda 100 a matsayin 100-gon .
Wasu wasu n-gons da sunayen sunaye na polygons tare da fiye da goma tarbiyoyi sune:
- 11-gon: Hendecagon
- 12-gon: Dodecagon
- 20-gon: Icosagon
- 50-gon: Pentecontagon
- 1000-gon: Chiliagon
- 1000000-gon: Megagon
Ƙasashen Polygon
A bisa mahimmanci, babu iyaka ga yawan ɓangarorin da kusurwa na polygon.
Yayin girman girman kusurwar na polygon ya zama karami kuma tsawon bangarorinsa ya fi guntu da polygon ke kusa da zagaye - amma bai taba samun wuri ba.
03 na 05
Faɗakar da polygons
Regular vs. Irregular Polygons
A cikin polygon na yau da kullum dukkan kusurwoyi suna da nauyin daidai kuma dukkan bangarorin suna daidai da tsawon.
Wani polygon wanda bai dace ba shi ne kowane polygon wanda ba shi da kusassun kusassin daidai da bangarori na tsawon daidaita.
Convex vs. Concave
Hanya na biyu da za a rarraba polygons ita ce ta girman girman su na ciki. Zaɓuɓɓuka guda biyu suna ƙira kuma suna haɗaka:
- Convex polygons - babu kusurwa na ciki fiye da 180 °;
- Concave polygons - akalla ɗayan kwana ɗaya ya fi 180 °.
Simple vs. Polygons ƙananan
Duk da haka wata hanyar da za a rarraba polygons ita ce ta hanyar hanyoyi da ke kafa polygon.
- Lines na ƙananan polygons suna haɗi ko tsinkaya kawai sau daya - a cikin shimfiɗa;
- Lines na ƙananan polygons sun haɗa fiye da sau ɗaya.
Sunan polygons masu yawa suna da wasu lokuta daban-daban daga wadanda aka yi amfani da polygons masu sauki tare da adadi guda ɗaya.
Misali,
- Kullin da aka yi na yau da kullum yana da nau'in polygon mai sauƙi guda shida
- Harshen hex a siffar tauraron tauraron dan adam ne wanda aka haɓaka ta hanyar haɓaka ƙa'idodi guda biyu kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoto a sama
04 na 05
Ƙarin Tsarin Harsunan Wuta
A matsayinka na doka, duk lokacin da aka haɗa gefen wani polygon, kamar:
- Daga wata triangle zuwa quadrilateral (uku zuwa hudu tarnaƙi)
- Daga wani pentagon zuwa haɗari (kashi biyar zuwa shida)
wani 180 ° an kara da cewa yawancin kusurwa na ciki.
Wannan doka za a iya rubuta shi a matsayin tsari:
(n - 2) × 180 °
inda n = yawan ɓangarori na polygon.
Saboda haka za'a iya samin jimla na kusurwa na ciki don ƙirar ta hanyar amfani da tsari:
(6 - 2) × 180 ° = 720 °
Nawa Triangu nawa a wannan Polygon?
An samo asali na cikin gida ta hanyar rarraba polygon har zuwa triangles, kuma ana samun lambar nan tare da lissafi:
n - 2
inda n sake zama daidai da yawan ɓangarori na polygon.
Sabili da haka, za'a iya raba shinge guda shida (6 - 2) da dodecagon zuwa 10 triangles (12 - 2).
Girman Angle na Polygons Aiki
Don polygons na yau da kullum (kusurwa duk nau'i daya da bangarorin kowane lokaci), girman girman kowace kusurwa a cikin polygon za'a iya ƙidaya ta rarraba yawan adadin digiri ta hanyar yawan adadin sassan.
Don haɗin ƙwanan haɗi guda shida, kowanne kusurwa shine:
720 ° ÷ 6 = 120 °
05 na 05
Wasu Garuruwan da aka sani
Triangular Trusses
Roof trusses - suna da yawa triangular a siffar. Dangane da nisa da farar rufin, rufin zai iya haɗawa da sassan layi da isosceles.
Saboda tsananin ƙarfinsu, ana amfani da su a cikin ginin gyare-gyare, dakin keke, da kuma Eiffel Tower.
Pentagon
Pentagon - hedkwatar Amurka ta Tsaro - tana dauke da sunansa daga siffarsa. Yana da pentagon guda biyar.
Farawa na gida
Wani sanannen pentagon na yau da kullum wanda aka sanannun shi ne farantin gida a kan lu'u-lu'u na baseball.
A Fake Pentagon
Wani babban kantin sayar da kayayyaki a kusa da birnin Shanghai, an gina kasar Sin a matsayin nau'i na pentagon na yau da kullum, kuma a wani lokaci ana kiran shi Fake Fake Pentagon saboda yadda yake kama da asali.
Snowflakes
Kowane snowflake yana farawa ne a matsayin farantin karfe, amma matakan zafin jiki da kuma yumbu suna ƙara rassan da kuma sifofi don haka kowannensu ya ƙare yana duba daban-daban.
Ƙudan zuma da Wasps
Hanyoyin daji na halitta sun hada da kudan zuma inda kowane tantanin halitta a cikin saƙar zuma wanda ƙudan zuma ke ginawa don ɗaukar zuma shine haɗari a cikin siffar.
Nests na takardun takarda yana ƙunshe da sel a jikin da suke ɗauke da su.
Hanyar Giant
Har ila yau ana samun Hexagons a cikin Giant's Causeway dake arewa maso gabashin Ireland.
Wannan tsari ne na halitta wanda ya ƙunshi kusan 40,000 ginshikan basalt ginshiƙan da aka halitta a matsayin tsabta daga wani volcanic eruption sannu hankali sanyaya.
Oktoba
Alamar Octagon da aka nuna a sama - sunan da aka ba da zobe ko cage da aka yi amfani da shi a UFC (Ƙarshe na Ƙasar Kwallon ƙafa) - suna ɗauke da suna daga siffarsa. Yana da takwas a tsaye mai tsayi.
Tsayawa alamun
Alamar tsayawa - daya daga cikin alamun zirga-zirga mafiya sananne - wata takarda ta takwas mai tsayi.
Ko da yake launi da kalmomin ko alamomin alamar na iya bambanta, ana amfani da siffar octagonal don alamar tsayawa a ƙasashe da dama a duniya.