Telephony wani lokaci ne wanda ke nuna fasaha wanda ya ba mutane damar samun sadarwa mai nisa. Ya fito ne daga kalmar 'tarho' wanda, daga bisani, ya samo daga kalmomin Grik guda biyu "tele," wanda ke nufi da nisa, da kuma "waya," wanda ke nufin magana, saboda haka ra'ayin yin magana daga nisa. An ƙayyade kalma ta hanyar zuwan sababbin hanyoyin sadarwa. A cikin ma'anarta, kalmomin sun haɗa da sadarwar waya, kiran yanar gizo, sadarwar wayar hannu, faxing, saƙon murya ko ma taron bidiyon. Ya zama mawuyacin wuya a zana zane mai tsabta wanda ke lalata abin da ke cikin tarho da kuma abin da ba haka ba.
Maganin farko cewa wayar salula ta dawo da ita shine POTS (sabis ɗin tarho na tsohon tsoho), wanda ake kira PSTN (hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar jama'a). Wannan tsarin yana fuskantar kalubalanci da kuma ƙwarewa da karɓar muryar muryar IP (VoIP), wanda aka fi sani da IP Telephony da Telephony Intanit.
Voice a kan IP (VoIP) da kuma Intanit Intanit
Ana amfani da waɗannan kalmomi guda biyu a cikin mafi yawan lokuta, amma ta hanyar magana, ba su kasance daidai ba. Kalmomi guda uku waɗanda suke nuna juna shine Voice over IP, IP Telephony da Telephony Intanit. Dukansu suna kallon tashar kira na murya da bayanan murya ta hanyar intanet na IP , wato LAN s da Intanit. Wannan hanya, wuraren da ake amfani da su da kuma albarkatun da aka riga an yi amfani dashi don watsa bayanai sun haɗa, saboda haka kawar da farashi na tsada mai tsada kamar yadda aka saba da PSTN. Babban amfani da VoIP ke kawowa ga masu amfani shi ne babban farashi. Kira ana sau da yawa kyauta.
Wannan tare da wadata mai yawa da VoIP ta kawo ya sa wannan ya zama babban fasaha mai fasaha wanda ya sami karbawan duniya kuma yayi ikirarin rawar zaki na kasuwar telephony. Kalmar Telephon Kwamfuta ta samo asali tare da zuwan kunne , wanda shine aikace-aikacen da aka sanya akan komfuta, yin amfani da wayar, ta amfani da sabis na VoIP a Intanit. Kamfanin komputa ya zama kyakkyawa saboda yawancin mutane suna amfani dasu kyauta.
Telephon Wayar
Wanene ba ya dauke da telephony a cikin aljihu a zamanin yau? Wayoyin hannu da sautunan hannu suna amfani da hanyoyin sadarwar hannu ta amfani da fasahar GSM (salon salula) don ba da damar yin kira a kan tafi. GSM kira yana da tsada, amma VoIP ya mamaye wayoyin hannu, wayoyin hannu, aljihu na PC da sauran na'urorin hannu, yana barin masu amfani da wayoyin salula don yin amfani da ƙirar gida da na ƙasashen duniya kyauta. Tare da Wayar Wayar, Wi-Fi da fasahar 3G sun ba wa masu amfani damar yin kira kyauta kyauta, koda zuwa lambobin waje.
Matakan Telephony da Bukatun
Abin da ake buƙata don telephony ya kasance tsakanin kayan aiki mai sauƙi don kayan aiki mai mahimmanci. Bari mu tsaya a gefen abokin ciniki (gefenka abokin ciniki) don kauce wa ƙwarewar PBXs da sabobin da musayar.
Don PSTN, kawai kuna buƙatar saitin wayar da babban bango. Tare da VoIP, ainihin buƙatar haɗin kai ga ko wane adireshin IP (misali Ethernet ko Wi-Fi dangane da LAN ), haɗin Intanit mai amfani da yanar gizo, kuma, a cikin yanayin wayar salula, hanyar sadarwar waya mara waya kamar Wi-Fi, 3G kuma a wasu lokuta GSM. Kayan aiki zai iya kasancewa mai sauƙi kamar naúrar kai (don telephony na kwamfuta). Ga wadanda suke son saukaka wayar gida ba tare da kwamfutar ba, suna buƙatar ATA (wanda ake kira adaftar waya) da kuma sauƙi na al'ada. Wayar IP ita ce waya ta musamman wanda ya hada da aiki na ATA da wasu wasu siffofin kuma saboda haka zai iya aiki ba tare da an dogara da wasu kayan aiki ba.
Ba kawai murya ba
Tun da yawancin kafofin watsa labaru sun haɗu a kan tashar guda ɗaya, faxing da kuma bidiyo na bidiyo sun fadi a ƙarƙashin banner telephony. Faxing ta al'ada amfani da wayar da lambobin waya don aika saƙonnin facsimile (takaitaccen zuwa fax). IP Faxing tana amfani da cibiyoyin IP da Intanet don aikawa da karɓar saƙonnin fax. Wannan yana ba da dama, amma har yanzu yana fuskanci kalubale. Kasuwancin bidiyo na aiki kamar yadda murya akan IP tareda bidiyo na ainihi.