Yi la'akari da bambancin tsakanin CMOS da CCD Sensors
Duk kyamarori na dijital suna da firikwensin hoto wanda ke tattara bayanai don ƙirƙirar hoton. Akwai nau'i-nau'i na nau'i-nau'i na nau'i biyu-CMOS da CCD-kuma kowannensu na da amfani.
Yaya Ayyukan Sensor Hotuna?
Hanyar da ta fi dacewa ta fahimci mahimmanci na hoto shine a yi la'akari da shi a matsayin daidai da wani fim. Lokacin da aka rufe maɓallin ɗaurar hoto akan kyamara na dijital, haske ya shiga kyamara. Hoton yana fallasa akan na'urar firikwensin ta hanyar da za a fallasa shi a wani fim din a cikin kyamara 35mm.
Siginonin kyamara na digital sun kunshi pixels waɗanda suka tattara photons (buƙatun makamashi na haske) wanda aka canza zuwa cajin lantarki ta hanyar photodiode. Hakanan, wannan bayanin ya canza cikin darajar dijital ta hanyar analog-to-digital converter (ADC) , yana barin kamara don aiwatar da dabi'un zuwa siffar karshe .
Jigogi na DSLR da na'urori masu daukar hoto da farko suna amfani da nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i guda biyu: CMOS da CCD.
Menene Hoton Hoton Hotuna na CCD?
CCD (na'urar haɗi mai caji) na'urori masu auna firikwensin suna canza sakon pixel ta hanyar amfani da circuitry kewaye da firikwensin. CCDs suna amfani da maɗaukaki ɗaya don dukan pixels.
Ana kirkiro CCDs a cikin samfurori tare da kayan aiki na musamman. Wannan yana nunawa a farashin su mafi girma.
Akwai wasu abũbuwan amfãni ga wani firikwensin CCD a kan firikwensin CMOS:
- Kadan ƙarar da yawanci hotuna masu mahimmanci, musamman a yanayin ƙananan haske
- Kyakkyawan launi na launi saboda madaidaicin kewayo na firikwensin shine sau biyu sau ɗaya na na'urori masu auna sigina na CMOS
- Girma mafi girma da kuma hasken haske
Menene Sensor Hoton Hotuna?
CMOS (Kamfanin Oxide Semiconductor Na Ƙarshe) masu auna siginar saɓo pixel ma'aunai guda ɗaya, ta hanyar amfani da na'ura akan na'urar firikwensin kanta. Sensosiyar CMOS suna amfani da mahimmanci masu mahimmanci don kowane pixel.
CMOS na'urori masu auna sigina suna amfani da su a cikin DSLRs saboda suna sauri da kuma rahusa fiye da CCD na'urori masu auna sigina. Dukansu Nikon da Canon sun yi amfani da na'urori masu auna sigina na CMOS a cikin kyamarori na DSLR masu girma.
A CMOS Sensor kuma yana da nasa abũbuwan amfãni:
- Ƙarar sauri don yin aiki saboda pixels masu aiki da ADC suna a kan wannan guntu
- Amfani da ƙananan ƙarfi, kamar sau 100 ban da CCD
- Ayyukan kamara na haɗuwa kamar shafukan motsa jiki, launi na launi, da matsalolin hoto kai tsaye a cikin guntu
- Tsayar da "smearing" a yayin da hoton ya faru
- Kasuwancin masana'antu mai tsada, kamar ma'anar kowane mai amfani da microprocessor, ya sa basu da tsada
- Haɓaka ya inganta sosai tun lokacin gabatarwarsu
Sensors Array Sigar Launi
Tsarin tsararren launi yana kunna zuwa saman na'urar firikwensin don karɓar ja, kore, da kuma ɓangaren kayan wuta na faduwar haske a kan firikwensin. Saboda haka, kowane pixel zai iya auna ma'auni ɗaya kawai. Sauran launuka guda biyu an kiyasta ta hanyar firikwensin da ke dogara da pixels kewaye.
Duk da yake wannan zai iya rinjayar ɗanɗanar hoto dan kadan, yana da wuya a gane kyamarori masu kyau a yau. Mafi yawancin DSLR na yanzu suna amfani da wannan fasaha.
Sensors Foveon
Hannun mutane suna kulawa da launuka guda uku na launin ja, kore, da kuma blue, kuma wasu launuka suna aiki ne ta hanyar haɗuwa da launuka na farko. A cikin daukar hotunan fim, nau'o'in launuka daban-daban suna nunin nauyin fim na sinadarin.
Hakazalika, na'urorin haɗi na Foveon suna da nau'i-nau'i guda uku, wanda kowannensu ya auna ɗaya daga cikin launuka na farko. An samar da hoton ta hanyar hada waɗannan layuka guda uku don samar da mosaic na farantin alƙalumma. Wannan har yanzu sabon fasaha ne wanda ke amfani dashi akan wasu kyamarori Sigma.