E-Wasta da Dukkan Ya ƙunshi
Hukumar kare muhalli (EPA) tana nufin Labaran Lantarki kamar "kayan lantarki waɗanda masu amfani da su suka watsar."
Wannan abu ne mai banƙyama, don haka la'akari da E-Waste a matsayin kayan lantarki na abin da kuke so a cikin kayan kayan abinci. Sai dai kawai mummunan rikici ne.
Wannan labarin zai mayar da hankali akan Wasanni na Electronic Waste kuma yadda ake amfani da su a cikin telebijin. E-Waste, duk da haka, ya shafi nau'ikan kayan lantarki masu zuwa kamar yadda EPA:
- Kwamfuta ke kulawa
- Kwamfuta da masu rubutun kwamfuta
- Aikace-aikacen audio da na'urar sitiriyo
- VCRs da 'yan wasan DVD
- Kyamarori bidiyo
- Wayoyin hannu, wayoyin salula, da sauran na'urorin mara waya
- Fax da kwafin injin
- Consoles game da bidiyo
Menene E-Cire?
E-Waste shi ne zubar da kayayyakin kayan lantarki. Hanyoyi mara kyau suna shafar lafiyar mutane da muhalli saboda yawancin waɗannan samfurori sun ƙunshi abubuwa masu guba.
Hanyoyi mara kyau na iya dumping your tsohon TV analog a cikin filin ta gidanka, a cikin tudu, filin ajiye motocin ko mai sarrafa kayan aiki ba bisa doka ba shigo da shi a waje. Maɓalli don tunawa shine zubar da kyau ba zai iya haifar da tasiri mai tasiri wanda ke shafar gidan ku ba.
Halin tasirin E-Waste game da telebijin da aka samo ta hanyar maye gurbin dijital saboda yawancin mutane da kuma kasuwanni da suka maye gurbin tashoshin analog ɗin tare da nau'ikan samfurin.
Kwayoyi masu haɗari a cikin Intanet
Televisions sun hada da gubar, mercury, cadmium, da kuma mummunan harshen wuta. Bisa ga EPA, "wadannan abubuwa sun hada da samfurori don muhimmancin halayen aiki, amma zai iya haifar da matsala idan ba'a gudanar da samfurori da kyau a ƙarshen rayuwa ba."
- Jagora shine ainihin abin damuwa saboda dukkanin TV ɗin analog waɗanda aka maye gurbin saboda talabijin na dijital. An samo shi ne a cikin tashoshi na cathode ray (CRT), wanda yawanci ya ƙunshi ko'ina daga nau'i hudu zuwa takwas, wanda aka samo mafi yawa a cikin bututu.
- Gubar yana da guba ga mutane, musamman ma yara. Game da na'urorin telebijin na analog, Cibiyar Harkokin Kasuwancin Georgia ta bayyana cewa, yarinya da aka fallasa ga jagora "na iya haifar da anemia, ciwo mai tsanani, rauni na tsoka, da kuma lalacewar kwakwalwa. Ƙananan matakan gubar na iya shafar ƙwaƙwalwar tunanin mutum da kuma ci gaban yaro. "
- Mercury ba kawai ga thermometers kamar yadda ake samu a cikin shimfidar launi TV. Wannan shi ne saboda wasu daga cikin hasken wuta da ake amfani da shi sun hada da mercury, wanda "mai guba a ƙananan sashi, yana haifar da lalacewar kwakwalwa da koda" bisa ga Take Back My TV.
- Haskewa a cikin ɗakunan shimfidawa sun inganta tare da ci gaba da fitilar fitila mai kwakwalwa (CCFLs) da lantarki mai haske (LED), waɗanda basu amfani da mercury.
- Cadmium yana samuwa a cikin rubutun phosphor wanda ke nuna cikin fuskokin CRT masu yawa. EPA ya fara sarrafa cadmium a shekara ta 1974 tare da Dokar Maganin Abincin Gishiri.
- Yana da wani abu mai mahimmanci ga lafiyar lokaci mai tsawo. EPA ya ce cadmium na iya haifar da koda, hanta, kashi da jini idan lalacewa ya yi tsawo a tsawon lokaci.
- Cadmium na iya shiga cikin abincinmu ta hanyar motsawa ta hanyar yaduwar ƙasa kuma ana amfani dashi da kayan lambu, kayan gona na noma, hatsi da hatsi, bisa ga hukumar don abubuwa masu guba da ƙwayar cuta.
- An lalata wasu masu jinkirin brominated (BFRs) wanda zai haifar da lalacewa ga tsarin hormone da tsarin haihuwa. An samo su a cikin robobi, kamar masu tsaro, allon kullun, da igiyoyi tare da manufar samar da kariya ta wuta.
- Shirin Silicon Valley Toxics Coffition (SVTC) ya ruwaito cewa BFR "ya ɓata hankali, ilmantarwa, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da halayen dabbobi." SVTC ya ce an gano BFR a cikin tsuntsaye na kifi, kifaye da tsuntsaye kamar madarar mutum, magani da kuma adipose nama.
Sha'anin lafiyar lafiyar TV
Cibiyar Harkokin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'ar Georgia, Sashen Harkokin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ta bayar da wata sanarwa game da sake amfani da sake yin amfani da telebijin na analog ta hanyar sabuntawar zamani.
A cikin sanarwa, Dokta Sandra Elizabeth Ford, a matsayin darektan sashen Harkokin Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a, ya ce, "Muna ƙarfafa 'yan ƙasa don sake maimaita su ko kuma sake amfani da su na telebijin na analog yayin da yawancin waɗannan ɗakunan zasu ƙare a filin jirgin sama da kuma yatsun wuta inda zasu iya wanda zai iya gurɓata ƙasa da ruwa. "
Wannan damuwa na kiwon lafiya ba'a iyakance shi ba a Georgia.
Bisa ga hadin gwiwar Kasuwancin Electronics, jihohi goma sha ɗaya da Birnin New York sun keta dokokin ban izini game da telebijin. Da ke ƙasa akwai jerin waɗannan jihohi tare da kwanan wata da ta fara aiki:
- Arkansas - Janairu 2008
- California - Fabrairu 2006
- Connecticut - Janairu 2011
- Maine - Yuli 2006
- Massachusetts - Afrilu 2000
- Minnesota - Yuli 2006
- New Jersey - Janairu 2010
- New Hampshire -Yan 2007
- Birnin New York - Yuli 2010
- North Carolina - Janairu 2012
- Oregon - Janairu 2010
- Rhode Island - Yuli 2008
Bayarwa da Dokar Shari'a
Ofishin Gwamnonin Gwamnatin (GAO) ya yi magana game da abubuwan da ake dasu a cikin rahoton watan Agustan 2008 wanda ake kira "Bukatun EPA na Gudanar da Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙasashen Amurka ta Ƙarfafa Dokar Ƙarfafawa da Ƙari."
Gao ya furta damuwa game da kamfanonin sake sarrafawa na Amurka ba tare da izinin aika kayan lantarki na tsohuwar kayan lantarki ga kasashe masu tasowa ba, wanda shine batun saboda wadannan ƙasashe suna da "ayyukan sake yin amfani da shi."
A sakamakon haka, GAO ya ba da shawara cewa EPA fara farawa dokoki kuma ya kara yawan "ikon da ya dace don magance fitarwa na wasu masu illa mai amfani da kayan lantarki."
Inda za a dauka TV
Zai zama da kyau idan duk kasuwanni da ke yin alkawarinta don yin amfani da labaran da aka yi amfani da ita ta hanyar yin amfani da talabijin ta hanyar doka, amma wannan ba haka ba ne.
A watan Nuwamba 2008 60 Rahotanni na intanet da ake kira "The Electronic Wasteland" sun nuna cewa zirga-zirga na masu kula da CRT daga Denver zuwa kasar Sin sun haifar da wani gari inda mutum da dabba ke zaune a cikin sludge mai guba. Video: The Electronic Wasteland
Mai yiwuwa shafin yanar gizon kyauta mafi kyau shine shafin yanar-gizon EPA na eCycling, wanda ya kirkiro shirye-shiryen sarrafa kayan aiki da ba da riba wanda ya shafi masana'antun masana'antu.