A cikin wannan jagorar, za ku koyi yadda za a sauke fayil ta amfani da layin layin Linux.
Me ya sa za ku so kuyi haka? Me yasa ba za ku yi amfani da na'urar yanar gizon yanar gizo ba a cikin yanayin da aka kwatanta?
Wani lokaci babu yanayin da aka kwatanta. Alal misali, idan kuna haɗuwa da Raspberry PI ta yin amfani da SSH to, sai ku yi makala tare da layin umarni.
Wani dalili na amfani da layin umarni shine cewa zaka iya ƙirƙirar rubutun tare da jerin fayiloli don saukewa. Hakanan zaka iya aiwatar da rubutun kuma bari ya gudana a bango .
An kira kayan aikin da za a yi tasiri don aikin wannan wget.
Shigarwa na wget
Yawancin labaran Linux sun riga sun yi amfani da wget ta hanyar tsoho.
Idan ba'a riga an shigar ba sai ka gwada daya daga cikin wadannan dokokin:
- Ubuntu, Debian, Mint da sauransu - sudo apt-samun shigar wget
- Fedora, CentOS da dai sauransu - yum shigar da wget
- openSUSE - zypper shigar wget
Yadda za a sauke fayil daga layin umarni
Domin sauke fayiloli, kana buƙatar ka san ainihin URL ɗin fayil ɗin da kake son saukewa.
Alal misali, yi tunanin za ku so a sauke sababbin Ubuntu ta amfani da layin umarni. Zaku iya ziyarci shafin yanar gizo Ubuntu. Ta hanyar shiga cikin shafin intanet za ka iya samun wannan shafin wanda ke samar da hanyar haɗi don saukewa yanzu mahada. Za ka iya dama danna kan wannan haɗin don samun URL na Ubuntu ISO da kake son saukewa.
Don sauke fayil ɗin ta amfani da amfani ta hanyar amfani da haɗin rubutu na gaba:
wget http://releases.ubuntu.com/14.04.3/ubuntu-14.04.3-desktop-amd64.iso?_ga=1.79650708.1078907269.1453803890
Wannan yana da kyau kuma mai kyau amma kuna buƙatar sanin cikakken hanyar zuwa fayil ɗin da ake bukata don saukewa.
Yana yiwuwa a sauke wani shafin yanar gizon ta amfani da umarnin nan:
wget -r http://www.ubuntu.com
Dokokin da ke sama da dukan shafin sun haɗa da dukkan fayilolin daga shafin yanar gizo na Ubuntu. Wannan ba shakka ba mai yiwuwa ba ne saboda zai sauke kuri'a na fayilolin da ba ku buƙata. Yana kama da amfani da mallet don kwantar da kwaya.
Kuna iya, duk da haka, sauke dukkan fayilolin tare da ISO daga tsawo daga shafin Ubuntu ta amfani da umarnin da ke biyewa:
wget -r -A "iso" http://www.ubuntu.com
Wannan shi ne har yanzu na bitar hanyar da za a saukewa don sauke fayilolin da kake buƙata daga shafin intanet. Zai fi kyau sanin URL ko URLs na fayilolin da kake son saukewa.
Zaka iya saka jerin fayiloli don saukewa ta amfani da sauya -i. Zaka iya ƙirƙirar jerin URLs ta amfani da editan rubutu kamar haka:
nano yayayayaya.txt
A cikin fayil shigar da jerin URLs, 1 ta layi:
http://eskipaper.com/gaming-nakinni-7.html#gal_post_67516_gaming-wallpapers-1.jpg
http://eskipaper.com/gaming-nakinni-7.html#gal_post_67516_gaming-wallpapers.jpg.jpg
http://eskipaper.com/gaming-msuna-7.html#gal_post_67516_gaming-paperspapers.jpg.jpg
Ajiye fayil ɗin ta amfani da CTRL da O, sannan ka fita Nano ta amfani da CTRL da X.
Zaka iya amfani da wget yanzu don sauke duk fayiloli ta amfani da umarnin da ke gaba:
wget -i filestodownload.txt
Matsalar da sauke fayiloli daga intanet shine cewa wani lokacin fayil ko URL ba samuwa. Lokacin lokaci don haɗi zai iya ɗaukar wani lokaci kuma idan kuna ƙoƙarin sauke fayiloli da dama yana da banbanci don jira lokacin ƙayyadadden lokaci.
Zaka iya tantance lokacinku ta hanyar amfani da sabuntawa ta gaba:
wget-5 -i filestodownload.txt
Idan kana da iyakar saukewa a matsayin ɓangare na yarjejeniyar wayarka ta hanyar sadarwa mai yawa sai ka iya so ka ƙididdige adadin bayanai da wget zai iya dawowa.
Yi amfani da haɗin da ake biyowa don amfani da iyakar saukewa:
wget --quota = 100m -i filestodownload.txt
Umurin da ke sama zai dakatar da sauke fayiloli bayan an kai 100 megabytes. Hakanan zaka iya ƙayyade ƙaddara a bytes (amfani b maimakon m) ko kilobytes (amfani da k maimakon m).
Kila baza ku sami iyakar saukewa ba amma kuna iya samun raccin jona. Idan kana so ka sauke fayiloli ba tare da lalata kowane dan lokaci na intanet ba to zaka iya ƙayyade iyaka wanda ya sanya adadin saukewa.
Misali:
wget --limit-rate = 20k -i filestodownload.txt
Umurin da ke sama zai ƙayyade yawan saukewa zuwa 20 kilobytes ta biyu. Zaka iya tantance adadin a cikin bytes, kilobytes ko megabytes.
Idan kana so ka tabbatar cewa duk fayilolin da ke cikin yanzu ba a sake rubutawa ba zaka iya gudanar da umurnin mai zuwa:
wget -nc -i filestodownload.txt
Idan fayil a cikin jerin alamomin sun riga ya kasance a cikin wurin saukewa sannan ba za'a sake rubutawa ba.
Intanit kamar yadda muka sani bai zama daidai ba sabili da wannan dalili, saukewa za a iya kammala shi kuma to internet ɗinku ya fita.
Shin, ba zai zama da kyau idan za ku ci gaba da ci gaba ba inda kuka bar? Zaka iya ci gaba da saukewa ta amfani da sabuntawa ta gaba:
wget -c
Takaitaccen
Dokar umarni na da sau da yawa na sauyawa wanda za'a iya amfani da shi. Yi amfani da umurnin mutum wget don samun cikakken jerin su daga cikin m taga.